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Un anticuerpo neutralizante seleccionado de las células plasmáticas que se une a las hemaglutininas del grupo 1 y 2
Davide Corti1, Jarrod Voss, Steven J Gamblin
1Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 30, 2011
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron un anticuerpo ampliamente neutralizante eficaz contra los 16 subtipos de influenza A. Este potente anticuerpo ofrece protección en modelos animales y podría avanzar en la terapia de la gripe y el diseño de vacunas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Virología Virología.
- Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollo de anticuerpos ampliamente neutralizantes contra los virus de la influenza A es crucial para terapias y vacunas efectivas.
- Las estrategias existentes a menudo se dirigen a cepas virales específicas, lo que limita su amplia aplicabilidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Aislar y caracterizar un anticuerpo monoclonal humano con una amplia actividad de neutralización contra el virus de la influenza A.
- Para evaluar la eficacia protectora de este anticuerpo en modelos animales preclínicos.
Principales métodos:
- Empleó un método de cultivo de una sola célula para examinar las células plasmáticas humanas para la producción de anticuerpos.
- Se utilizó la cristalografía de rayos X para analizar los complejos anticuerpo-hemaglutinina (HA).
- Potencia de neutralización de anticuerpos evaluada contra diversos subtipos del virus de la influenza A.
- Se realizaron estudios de transferencia pasiva en ratones y hurones para determinar la protección in vivo.
Principales resultados:
- Se aisló un anticuerpo monoclonal que reconoce la glicoproteína hemaglutinina (HA) de los 16 subtipos de influenza A.
- Neutralización demostrada de los virus de la influenza A del grupo 1 y del grupo 2 por el anticuerpo.
- Eficacia protectora confirmada a través de la transferencia pasiva en ratones y hurones.
- La cristalografía de rayos X reveló la unión de anticuerpos a un epítopo conservado en el subdominio HA F.
Conclusiones:
- El anticuerpo aislado exhibe una amplia especificidad y una potente neutralización contra los virus de la influenza A.
- Este anticuerpo tiene potencial para estrategias de protección pasiva contra la influenza.
- El epítopo conservado identificado puede informar el diseño de las vacunas contra la influenza de próxima generación.
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