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Extender la cadena de carbono: la formación de hidrocarburos catalizada por el vanadio y el molibdeno nitrogenases
Yilin Hu1, Chi Chung Lee, Markus W Ribbe
1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA. yilinh@uci.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 6, 2011
Resumen
La vanadio nitrogenasa cataliza la conversión del monóxido de carbono (CO) en más hidrocarburos, incluido el metano. La nitrogenasa de molibdeno también convierte CO en hidrocarburos, pero sin metano, lo que sugiere que la reducción de CO es una antigua función de la nitrogenasa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Enzimología Enzimología.
- Química bioorgánica Química bioorgánica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enzimas nitrogenasas son cruciales para la fijación del nitrógeno.
- Anteriormente se sabía que la nitrogenasa dependiente del vanadio convertían el monóxido de carbono (CO) en pequeños hidrocarburos.
- El papel del CO como sustrato para las nitrogenasas es un área de investigación en curso.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar productos de hidrocarburos adicionales de la conversión de monóxido de carbono (CO) por la vanadio nitrogenasa.
- Para investigar las capacidades de reducción de CO de la nitrogenasa dependiente de molibdeno.
- Para comparar las actividades catalíticas de las nitrogenasas dependientes de vanadio y molibdeno con CO.
Principales métodos:
- Reacciones catalíticas a mayor escala utilizando proteína purificada de vanadio-hierro (vanadio nitrogenasa).
- Análisis de productos de hidrocarburos utilizando cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de masas.
- Estudios comparativos con nitrogenasa dependiente de molibdeno bajo condiciones de reacción similares.
Principales resultados:
- La vanadium nitrogenase produjo hidrocarburos adicionales: α-butileno, n-butano y metano (CH4).
- La nitrogenasa de molibdeno también convirtió CO en hidrocarburos, pero no se detectó metano.
- La presencia de heterometálicos (vanadio frente a molibdeno) influyó en la distribución del producto y la eficiencia de la reacción.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos apoyan la hipótesis de que la reducción de CO es una función ancestral de la familia de enzimas nitrogenasa.
- La identidad heterométrica del cofactor catalítico tiene un impacto significativo en la capacidad de la nitrogenasa para procesar CO y los productos de hidrocarburos resultantes.
- Este estudio amplía el alcance conocido del sustrato de las nitrogenasas y proporciona información sobre su historia evolutiva.
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