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A Versatile, Behavioral Method to Investigate Thyroid Hormone Effects on Cerebellar Function04:05

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Here we present a protocol for a versatile behavior test developed recently, the ladder beam test. This test has the advantage of detecting subtle cerebellar ataxia caused by a defect of thyroid hormone action in the central nervous system over the conventional behavior tests assessing motor performance.
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In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse04:14

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The Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator mouse model was developed to enable tissue-specific quantification of local thyroid hormone action using its endogenous regulatory machinery. Recently, it has been shown that the model is suitable for characterizing endocrine-disrupting chemicals interacting with thyroid hormone economy, both by ex vivo and in vivo...
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An Ex vivo Model to Study Hormone Action in the Human Breast12:31

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We have developed a novel ex vivo model to study hormone action in the human breast. It is based on tissue microstructures isolated from surgical breast tissue specimens which preserve tissue architecture, intercellular interactions, and paracrine...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action01:26

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Water-soluble hormones cannot cross the plasma membrane, so they rely on protein receptors that span the membrane to trigger intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways then activate second messengers inside the cell, including cAMP or calcium ions.
Many hormones bind to transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that connect to regulatory G proteins. These G proteins can then activate enzymes such as adenylyl cyclase or phospholipase C. Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, activating...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
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Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

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La acción de las hormonas tiroideas a nivel celular.

J H Oppenheimer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 9, 1979
    PubMed
    Resumen
    Este resumen es generado por máquina.

    La acción de la hormona tiroidea implica un complejo de receptores nucleares que regula la síntesis del ARN mensajero (ARNm). La sensibilidad celular a este complejo, más que el número de receptores, parece ser clave para la respuesta de la hormona tiroidea.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Endocrinología Molecular La Endocrinología Molecular
    • Reglamento genético Reglamento genético.
    • Biología celular Biología celular.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los efectos celulares de la hormona tiroidea están mediados por un complejo de receptores nucleares.
    • Este complejo influye en la producción de varias secuencias de ARN mensajero (ARNm).

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Explorar los mecanismos reguladores de la acción de las hormonas tiroideas a nivel celular.
    • Para investigar el papel del complejo de receptores nucleares de triiodotironina en la expresión génica.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de cambios en la secuencia de ARNm en respuesta a la hormona tiroidea.
    • Examen de la sensibilidad celular al complejo receptor nuclear de triiodotironina.

    Principales resultados:

    • La evidencia sugiere que el complejo receptor nuclear de triiodotironina es la unidad básica de la acción de la hormona tiroidea.
    • Se observaron aumentos generalizados y específicos en los niveles de ARNm.
    • La regulación celular ocurre localmente, con una sensibilidad potencialmente modulada a niveles postreceptores.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los efectos de la hormona tiroidea se regulan localmente dentro de las células, posiblemente en sitios postreceptores.
    • Las alteraciones selectivas en la sensibilidad al complejo de receptores nucleares de triiodotironina ocurren en genes diana específicos.
    • El número del sitio del receptor no es un índice confiable de la respuesta de la hormona tiroidea.