Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 30, 2026
11:29
Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
Published on: June 20, 2020
Intervenciones demostradas para ayudar al desarrollo de la función ejecutiva en niños de 4 a 12 años de edad
1University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 20, 2011
Resumen
El desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas es clave para el éxito. Actividades como juegos, aeróbicos y atención plena mejoran estas habilidades en los niños, especialmente en aquellos con desafíos iniciales, lo que potencialmente cierra las brechas de logro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Desarrollo infantil Desarrollo infantil Desarrollo infantil.
- Psicología Cognitiva Psicología cognitiva.
- Psicología educativa Psicología educativa.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las funciones ejecutivas (FE) son cruciales para el éxito, ya que abarcan la creatividad, el autocontrol y la concentración.
- Las EF involucran procesos cognitivos como la flexibilidad mental y el control de los impulsos.
- La identificación temprana y la capacitación de los EF pueden prevenir las disparidades académicas posteriores.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar diversas actividades que mejoran las funciones ejecutivas de los niños.
- Identificar los principios comunes de los programas de capacitación EF eficaces.
- Explorar el impacto del desarrollo holístico en la mejora de la EF.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de varias intervenciones que han demostrado mejorar las funciones ejecutivas en los niños.
- Examen de las características del programa, incluyendo la práctica y los desafíos progresivos.
- La consideración del papel del desarrollo físico, emocional y social.
Principales resultados:
- Numerosas actividades, incluyendo entrenamiento computarizado, juegos, aeróbicos, artes marciales, yoga, mindfulness y currículos, mejoran las funciones ejecutivas.
- Los programas efectivos requieren práctica repetida y dificultad creciente.
- Los niños con funciones ejecutivas basales más bajas muestran las mayores mejoras.
Conclusiones:
- La capacitación específica de la función ejecutiva, especialmente desde el principio, puede ser muy beneficiosa para los niños.
- Los enfoques holísticos que abordan el desarrollo físico, emocional y social junto con el entrenamiento cognitivo pueden ser más efectivos.
- La mejora de las funciones ejecutivas puede mitigar las crecientes brechas de logro.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:30Information Processing Approach
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
01:24Working Memory
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children from...
01:24Operant Conditioning Intervention
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
01:26Modeling in Therapy
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...