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Detección de regiones emergentes de manchas solares en el interior solar
Stathis Ilonidis1, Junwei Zhao, Alexander Kosovichev
1W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, USA. ilonidis@sun.stanford.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 20, 2011
Resumen
Los científicos detectaron signos subterráneos de manchas solares antes de que aparecieran. Esta detección temprana de la actividad magnética solar podría mejorar el pronóstico del clima espacial y proteger la tecnología y los astronautas de los eventos solares.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física solar Física solar es la física de la energía solar.
- Heliofísica es la heliofísica.
- El clima espacial es el clima espacial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las manchas solares son áreas de campos magnéticos intensos en la superficie del Sol.
- Las erupciones solares de las manchas solares pueden interrumpir la tecnología de la Tierra y plantear riesgos para las misiones espaciales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para detectar las firmas subterráneas de las regiones emergentes de manchas solares antes de que sean visibles.
- Para mejorar la predicción de eventos meteorológicos espaciales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las anomalías acústicas de tiempo de viaje utilizando helioseismología.
- Monitoreo de emergencia de campos magnéticos subterráneos.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectaron anomalías acústicas significativas en el tiempo de viaje (12-16 segundos) hasta 65.000 km.
- Se han observado estructuras magnéticas que emergen a una velocidad de 0,3-0,6 km/s.
- Las anomalías correlacionadas con los picos posteriores del flujo magnético fotosférico alcanzan sus máximos 1-2 días después.
Conclusiones:
- Las imágenes subterráneas de la actividad magnética pueden anticipar la aparición de manchas solares.
- La detección temprana de las manchas solares mejora las capacidades de pronóstico del clima espacial.
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