Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 29, 2026
10:28
Body Composition and Metabolic Caging Analysis in High Fat Fed Mice
Published on: May 24, 2018
Cuantificación del efecto del desequilibrio energético en el peso corporal
Kevin D Hall1, Gary Sacks, Dhruva Chandramohan
1National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. kevinh@niddk.nih.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|August 30, 2011
Resumen
Un pequeño y persistente desequilibrio energético diario impulsa la obesidad adulta. El modelado matemático muestra que el cambio de peso es lento, con una mayor adiposidad que conduce a tiempos de estabilización más largos y una brecha significativa de energía de mantenimiento, lo que destaca un gran desafío para la salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La dinámica metabólica y la investigación de la obesidad.
- Modelado matemático del metabolismo humano.
- Balanza energética y cambio de peso.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las intervenciones de obesidad requieren una predicción precisa de la dinámica del peso corporal, lo que requiere la consideración de los desequilibrios energéticos.
- El modelado matemático del metabolismo humano adulto puede simular las adaptaciones del gasto energético durante la pérdida de peso.
- Se presenta un simulador basado en la web para predecir la dinámica del cambio de peso.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un enfoque de modelado matemático para simular el metabolismo humano adulto y las adaptaciones del gasto energético durante la pérdida de peso.
- Para crear un simulador basado en la web para predecir la dinámica del cambio de peso.
- Para analizar la dinámica del equilibrio energético subyacente a la epidemia de obesidad en adultos de los Estados Unidos.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de un modelo matemático para el metabolismo humano adulto.
- Simulación de adaptaciones del gasto energético durante la pérdida de peso.
- Creación de un simulador basado en la web para la predicción del cambio de peso.
- Aplicación de un modelo promedio de la población para analizar la dinámica de la epidemia de obesidad.
Principales resultados:
- La respuesta del peso corporal a la ingesta de energía alterada es lenta, con semidesintegraciones de aproximadamente 1 año.
- Las personas con mayor adiposidad experimentan una mayor pérdida de peso para el mismo cambio en la ingesta de energía y tardan más en alcanzar el peso en estado de equilibrio.
- Una brecha de desequilibrio energético diario persistente de aproximadamente 30 kJ contribuye al aumento de peso promedio.
- Se requiere una significativa "brecha de energía de mantenimiento" de aproximadamente 0.9 MJ por día para mantener el aumento del peso corporal, lo que pone de relieve el desafío de revertir la obesidad.
Conclusiones:
- La predicción precisa del curso temporal del peso corporal requiere el modelado dinámico de desequilibrio de energía.
- El modelo matemático y el simulador proporcionan herramientas valiosas para comprender y predecir el cambio de peso.
- Los hallazgos cuantifican la brecha energética sustancial que contribuye a la epidemia de obesidad, enfatizando el desafío de salud pública.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:19Energy Balance
The human body gets energy from the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Energy is released when the chemical bonds in the organic compounds present in the food are broken down. The energy content of food is measured in kilocalories (kcal), defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This value is determined by measuring the temperature change of the water surrounding a calorimeter after the complete...
01:10Homeostatic Imbalance
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body, which is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. The body has various control mechanisms that work together to regulate various physiological parameters such as temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance, to name a few. These control mechanisms are based on feedback loops that can be either positive or negative.
However, sometimes these feedback loops fail,...
However, sometimes these feedback loops fail,...
00:51Energy Budgets
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
01:25Metabolic Rate
The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.
Several factors influence the...
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.
Several factors influence the...
01:21Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - II
A rigid body is in static equilibrium when the net force and the net torque acting on the system are equal to zero.
Consider two children sitting on a seesaw, which has negligible mass. The first child has a mass (m1) of 26 kg and sits at point A, which is 1.6 meters (r1) from the pivot point B; the second child has a mass (m2) of 32 kg and sits at point C. How far from the pivot point B should the second child sit (r2) to balance the seesaw?
Consider two children sitting on a seesaw, which has negligible mass. The first child has a mass (m1) of 26 kg and sits at point A, which is 1.6 meters (r1) from the pivot point B; the second child has a mass (m2) of 32 kg and sits at point C. How far from the pivot point B should the second child sit (r2) to balance the seesaw?
01:18Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...