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Aumento del almacenamiento de carbono y nitrógeno en el ecosistema forestal a partir del lecho rocoso rico en
Scott L Morford1, Benjamin Z Houlton, Randy A Dahlgren
1Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California - Davis, California 95616, USA. slmorford@ucdavis.edu
Nature
|September 3, 2011
Resumen
La roca de lecho es una fuente de nitrógeno no reconocida anteriormente para los ecosistemas forestales. Este nitrógeno derivado de la roca aumenta significativamente el almacenamiento de carbono en los bosques, lo que afecta la productividad del ecosistema y el potencial de secuestro de carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Geología Geología Geología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La disponibilidad de nitrógeno (N) es un factor crítico que limita la productividad del ecosistema terrestre a nivel mundial.
- Comprender los insumos de nitrógeno es esencial para predecir las respuestas de los ecosistemas al aumento del dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2).
- Los paradigmas actuales sugieren que la deposición atmosférica es la principal fuente de nuevo nitrógeno para los ecosistemas terrestres.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel del lecho rocoso como fuente de nitrógeno biodisponible en los ecosistemas forestales.
- Para cuantificar el impacto del nitrógeno derivado de la roca en el almacenamiento de carbono forestal.
- Desafiar la comprensión prevaleciente del ciclo del nitrógeno en entornos terrestres.
Principales métodos:
- Comparación del contenido de nitrógeno en suelos y follaje entre bosques en rocas metasedimentarias ricas en N y rocas ígneas pobres en N.
- Utilizando isótopos de nitrógeno de abundancia natural (15N / 14N) para rastrear fuentes de nitrógeno en rocas, suelos y plantas.
- Cuantificación de la biomasa de los árboles por encima del suelo y las reservas de carbono del suelo en relación con el material de origen.
Principales resultados:
- Los bosques en el lecho rocoso rico en nitrógeno exhiben un contenido de nitrógeno >50% más alto en suelos y follaje en comparación con los bosques en el lecho rocoso pobre en nitrógeno.
- Las firmas de isótopos de nitrógeno indican que el nitrógeno derivado de la roca es asimilado por las plantas e incorporado a los suelos.
- Los bosques con material madre rico en nitrógeno almacenan un 42% más de carbono en la superficie y un 60% más de carbono en el suelo.
Conclusiones:
- El desgaste de las rocas de lecho proporciona una fuente significativa y previamente ignorada de nitrógeno biodisponible para los ecosistemas forestales.
- El nitrógeno derivado de la roca mejora el secuestro de carbono en los bosques, aumentando tanto la biomasa como las reservas de carbono del suelo.
- Este hallazgo requiere una revisión de los modelos de ciclos de los ecosistemas N y C para incluir los insumos del lecho rocoso.
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