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Salud mental infantil y adolescente en todo el mundo: evidencia para la acción
Christian Kieling1, Helen Baker-Henningham, Myron Belfer
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 20, 2011
Resumen
Los problemas de salud mental infantil afectan al 10-20% a nivel mundial, sin embargo, las necesidades se descuidan, especialmente en las naciones de bajos ingresos. La acción urgente es vital para abordar esta carga y apoyar el desarrollo infantil en todo el mundo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psiquiatría Infantil y Adolescente.
- Salud Mental Global La Salud Mental en el Mundo.
- Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los problemas de salud mental afectan al 10-20% de los niños y adolescentes en todo el mundo.
- Estas condiciones son una de las principales causas de discapacidad y tienen impactos de por vida.
- Las necesidades de salud mental de los niños y adolescentes a menudo se descuidan, especialmente en los países de bajos ingresos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la evidencia existente sobre la salud mental infantil.
- Identificar las lagunas en la investigación con respecto a la prevalencia, los factores de riesgo y las intervenciones.
- Discutir estrategias de implementación para entornos de bajos recursos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura publicada.
- Análisis de los datos de prevalencia.
- Examen de los estudios de intervención y las barreras de implementación.
Principales resultados:
- Existen brechas significativas en la comprensión de la prevalencia, el riesgo y los factores de protección.
- La evidencia de intervenciones efectivas está disponible pero subutilizada.
- Las barreras a la implementación en entornos de bajos recursos son sustanciales.
Conclusiones:
- Abordar la salud mental infantil es fundamental para reducir la discapacidad futura.
- Se necesitan estrategias personalizadas para entornos de bajos recursos.
- La acción inmediata es imperativa para mejorar los resultados globales de la salud mental infantil.
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