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El agua subterránea y la formación mineral de arcilla durante la historia temprana de Marte
Bethany L Ehlmann1, John F Mustard, Scott L Murchie
1Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université de Paris-Sud XI, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. ehlmann@caltech.edu
Nature
|November 5, 2011
Resumen
Los primeros tiempos de Marte pueden haber sido fríos y áridos, con aguas subterráneas que proporcionan los entornos habitables más largos. La formación de minerales de arcilla sugiere una actividad hidrotermal significativa, no un agua superficial extendida, desafiando las suposiciones anteriores sobre el clima antiguo del planeta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
- Geología Geología Geología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los minerales de arcilla están muy extendidos en los terrenos noachianos de Marte, lo que indica interacciones pasadas entre agua y roca.
- Comprender la formación de arcilla es clave para reconstruir las primeras condiciones ambientales marcianas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar la formación de los minerales de arcilla marciana.
- Para determinar las condiciones ambientales en los primeros días de Marte.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la distribución y formación de minerales arcillosos.
- Interpretación del registro rocoso noachiano.
Principales resultados:
- Los datos disponibles sugieren que la formación de arcilla se produjo principalmente a través de la circulación hidrotermal de las aguas subterráneas.
- El registro de las rocas de Noaj muestra más evidencia de agua subterránea que de agua superficial.
- Las condiciones de la superficie marciana pueden haber sido frías y áridas con agua superficial transitoria durante miles de millones de años.
Conclusiones:
- Los ambientes acuosos de larga duración y potencialmente habitables eran probables en el subsuelo marciano.
- Las primeras condiciones de la superficie de Marte pueden no haber sido consistentemente más cálidas y húmedas como se hipotetizó anteriormente.
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