Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 27, 2026
06:27
Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer
Published on: May 29, 2019
Efecto indirecto de los aerosoles en los ciclos biogeoquímicos y el clima
1Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Atkinson Center for the Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 15, 2011
Resumen
Los aerosoles antropogénicos impactan el clima a través de efectos directos e indirectos. Un efecto indirecto recientemente identificado a través de retroalimentaciones biogeoquímicas, impulsado por cambios en el CO2, tiene un impacto de enfriamiento significativo, aumentando potencialmente los costos de mitigación del clima.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Química de la atmósfera química de la atmósfera
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El impacto climático de los aerosoles antropogénicos se evalúa típicamente por los efectos de interacción radiactiva directa e indirecta aerosoles-nube.
- Un impacto a largo plazo de los aerosoles a través de retroalimentaciones biogeoquímicas, principalmente alterando las concentraciones de CO2 atmosférico, ha sido menos explorado.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Cuantificar el efecto biogeoquímico neto de los aerosoles antropogénicos en el clima.
- Evaluar las implicaciones de este efecto para las estrategias de mitigación del clima y los objetivos de carbono.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los impactos de los aerosoles en los ciclos biogeoquímicos terrestres y oceánicos.
- Estimación del equivalente de fuerza radiativa del efecto biogeoquímico neto.
Principales resultados:
- Los aerosoles influyen en los ciclos biogeoquímicos a través de la fuerza física, la adición de nutrientes y los efectos contaminantes.
- Se estima que el efecto biogeoquímico neto de los aerosoles causa un forzamiento radiativo de -0.5 ± 0.4 vatios por metro cuadrado.
Conclusiones:
- El efecto climático indirecto de los aerosoles a través de retroalimentaciones biogeoquímicas es sustancial.
- Lograr objetivos de carbono más bajos puede ser económicamente más difícil de lo que se proyectó anteriormente debido a estos efectos de los aerosoles.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:27Microbes and Climate Change
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
01:14The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
01:50Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
00:54What are Biogeochemical Cycles?
The most common elements in organic molecules, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, are only available in the ecosystem in limited amounts. Therefore, these nutrients must be recycled through both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, in processes generally called biogeochemical cycles.
01:22The Sulfur Cycle
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
01:16What is Climate?
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.