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La respuesta proteica desplegada: desde la vía del estrés hasta la regulación homeostática
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. peter@walterlab.ucsf.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 26, 2011
Resumen
Las células controlan el plegamiento de proteínas en el retículo endoplasmático (ER) a través de la respuesta proteica desplegada (UPR). Esta vía de respuesta al estrés mantiene la homeostasis ER o desencadena la muerte celular cuando se acumulan proteínas desplegadas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las proteínas destinadas a la secreción o a la exhibición en la superficie celular deben plegarse correctamente dentro del retículo endoplasmático (RE).
- El plegamiento adecuado de las proteínas es crucial para la función celular y la supervivencia.
- El ER tiene mecanismos para garantizar la fidelidad del plegamiento de las proteínas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resumir la respuesta celular a las proteínas desplegadas en el ER.
- Para aclarar el papel de la respuesta de la proteína desplegada (UPR) en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis ER.
- Para resaltar los avances recientes en la comprensión de los mecanismos de UPR y la relevancia de la enfermedad.
Principales métodos:
- El resumen no especifica los métodos, pero discute las vías celulares y la regulación génica.
- Se centra en las vías de transducción de señales intracelulares.
- Describe la regulación de la expresión génica.
Principales resultados:
- El ER activa la respuesta proteica desplegada (UPR) cuando está sobrecargado con proteínas desplegadas (estrés ER).
- El UPR comprende al menos tres ramas de señalización distintas.
- Estas ramas UPR regulan los genes para mantener el equilibrio ER o inducir la apoptosis si el estrés persiste.
Conclusiones:
- El UPR es un mecanismo de defensa celular crítico contra el estrés de ER.
- La desregulación de la UPR está implicada en varias enfermedades.
- Investigaciones recientes han descubierto nuevas complejidades en la señalización UPR y sus roles patológicos.
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