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Estructura de una metil-coenzima M reductasa de las alfombras del Mar Negro que oxidan el metano anaeróbicamente
Seigo Shima1, Martin Krueger, Tobias Weinert
1Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany. shima@mpi-marburg.mpg.de
Nature
|November 29, 2011
Resumen
Los investigadores aclararon la estructura de la enzima activadora del metano en las arqueas de la oxidación anaeróbica del metano (AOM). Esta enzima, ANME-1 MCR, comparte sustratos con su contraparte metanogénica, pero tiene características distintas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología y Bioquímica.
- Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La oxidación anaeróbica del metano (AOM) con el sulfato es un proceso microbiano crucial, impulsado por consorcios de arqueas metanotróficas anaeróbicas (ANME) y bacterias reductoras de sulfato.
- Se cree que la enzima responsable de la activación del metano en las arqueas ANME es un homólogo de la metil-coenzima M reductasa (MCR), que también se encuentra en las arqueas metanogénicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar la estructura de rayos X del complejo MCR ANME-1.
- Comprender las bases estructurales para la activación del metano en AOM.
- Para comparar el MCR de ANME-1 con el MCR de las arqueas metanogénicas.
Principales métodos:
- Purificación de MCR ANME-1 de consorcios microbianos recolectados en el Mar Negro.
- Cristalización del complejo de 280 kDa heterohexameric ANME-1 MCR.
- Análisis de difracción de rayos X para determinar la estructura a una resolución de 2.1 Å.
Principales resultados:
- Se determinó con éxito la estructura de rayos X del complejo MCR ANME-1.
- Se encontró que ANME-1 MCR está en complejo con la coenzima M y la coenzima B, sus sustratos.
- Se identificaron diferencias estructurales clave en comparación con la MCR metanogénica, incluida una modificación de F{43}, un parche rico en cisteína y modificaciones post-traducionales alteradas.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona los primeros conocimientos estructurales sobre la enzima activadora del metano de las arqueas ANME.
- Las variaciones estructurales identificadas sugieren adaptaciones del MCR de ANME-1 para su papel en AOM.
- Estos hallazgos avanzan en nuestra comprensión del ciclo microbiano del metano y la evolución de las enzimas.
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