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El terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011: el desplazamiento alcanza el eje de la zanja
Toshiya Fujiwara1, Shuichi Kodaira, Tetsuo No
1Institute for Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. toshi@jamstec.go.jp
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 7, 2011
Resumen
El terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011 causó un desplazamiento significativo del fondo marino, que se extiende hasta el eje de la Fosa de Japón. La batimetría multihaz reveló movimientos horizontales y verticales que impactan en el fondo del océano.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Geología marina Geología marina.
- Sismología Sismología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011 (Moment Magnitude 9.0) fue un gran evento sísmico con importantes consecuencias geológicas.
- Comprender el desplazamiento cosisómico es crucial para evaluar el impacto de los terremotos y la generación de tsunamis.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para detectar y cuantificar el desplazamiento cosisismo causado por el terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011.
- Para determinar la extensión de la deformación del fondo marino y su relación con la ruptura de la falla.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó encuestas batimétricas multihaz para adquirir datos topográficos del fondo marino de alta resolución.
- Comparación de conjuntos de datos batimétricos antes y después del terremoto para identificar y medir el desplazamiento del fondo marino.
Principales resultados:
- Se detectó un desplazamiento cosisismo significativo que se extiende hasta el eje de la zanja de Japón, lo que indica que la ruptura de falla alcanzó la zanja.
- Se midió un desplazamiento horizontal de aproximadamente 50 metros este-sureste y una elevación vertical de ~10 metros en la zona más externa hacia la tierra.
- Se observó una elevación adicional del fondo marino de hasta 16 metros en la pendiente hacia la tierra debido a un gran desplazamiento horizontal.
Conclusiones:
- La ruptura de falla del terremoto de Tohoku-Oki de 2011 se extendió hasta el eje de la Fosa de Japón.
- El terremoto indujo una deformación cosisismica sustancial del fondo marino, incluidos movimientos horizontales y verticales significativos.
- El análisis batimétrico de datos es eficaz para cuantificar el desplazamiento del fondo marino inducido por un terremoto.
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