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La creación de capacidades ayuda a las mujeres pastorales a transformar comunidades empobrecidas en Etiopía
D Layne Coppock1, Solomon Desta, Seyoum Tezera
1Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5215, USA. layne.coppock@usu.edu
Resumen
Las iniciativas de desarrollo de capacidades empoderaron a miles de pastores en África.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Desarrollo comunitario Desarrollo comunitario.
- Economía Agrícola La Economía Agrícola es un campo de estudio de la economía agrícola.
- Ayuda humanitaria Ayuda humanitaria.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los pastizales de África se enfrentan a graves desafíos por la pobreza, la sequía y el hambre.
- Las comunidades pastoralistas son particularmente vulnerables a las crisis climáticas y económicas.
- Los medios de vida existentes a menudo carecen de diversificación, lo que aumenta la exposición al riesgo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto de un programa de desarrollo de capacidades orientado a la acción en los hogares de pastores.
- Evaluar las mejoras en la diversificación de los medios de vida, el nivel de vida y la comercialización del ganado.
- Determinar el efecto de las intervenciones en la resistencia a la sequía de los hogares.
Principales métodos:
- Un enfoque orientado a la acción que incluye acción colectiva, microfinanzas y educación participativa (2000-2004).
- Diseño cuasi-experimental que compara los grupos de intervención con los controles ex post.
- Evaluación basada en encuestas de la resiliencia a la sequía de los hogares, calidad de vida, riqueza, hambre y gestión de riesgos.
Principales resultados:
- Las intervenciones mejoraron significativamente la calidad de vida y la acumulación de riqueza.
- Se observaron importantes reducciones en el hambre y una mejor gestión de riesgos en los hogares.
- Las mujeres empoderadas emergieron como líderes comunitarias, impulsando rápidos cambios positivos.
Conclusiones:
- La creación de capacidades humanas es un motor crítico para el cambio sostenible en las comunidades vulnerables.
- El empoderamiento fomenta la esperanza y las aspiraciones, facilitando la adopción de nueva información y tecnologías.
- Las intervenciones demostraron efectos positivos significativos en la resistencia a la sequía de los hogares y el bienestar general.
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