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Dos planetas del tamaño de la Tierra orbitan alrededor de Kepler-20.

Francois Fressin1, Guillermo Torres, Jason F Rowe

  • 1Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ffressin@cfa.harvard.edu

Nature
|December 22, 2011
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los astrónomos descubrieron dos nuevos exoplanetas, uno del tamaño de la Tierra y otro más pequeño que la Tierra, orbitando la estrella Kepler-20. Estos planetas rocosos representan un progreso significativo en la búsqueda de análogos terrestres más allá de nuestro sistema solar.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La astronomía y la astrofísica.
  • Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las capacidades de observación han avanzado en la búsqueda de análogos terrestres.
  • El tamaño del exoplaneta se determina por fotometría de tránsito, que mide la disminución de la luz de las estrellas.
  • El exoplaneta más pequeño descubierto anteriormente tiene un radio 1,42 veces mayor que el de la Tierra.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para informar sobre el descubrimiento de dos nuevos exoplanetas que orbitan la estrella Kepler-20.
  • Para caracterizar el tamaño de estos exoplanetas recién descubiertos.
  • Para validar estadísticamente la naturaleza planetaria de las señales de tránsito observadas.

Principales métodos:

  • Fotometría de tránsito para detectar exoplanetas.
  • Análisis estadístico para diferenciar las señales planetarias de las binarias eclipsantes.
  • Modelado teórico para inferir la composición planetaria y la atmósfera.

Principales resultados:

  • Descubrimiento de dos exoplanetas alrededor de Kepler-20: uno del tamaño de la Tierra (1.03 R()) y otro más pequeño que la Tierra (0.87 R()).
  • El análisis estadístico confirma la interpretación planetaria con una alta confianza (>3 órdenes de magnitud).
  • La influencia gravitacional de los nuevos planetas en la estrella está por debajo de las capacidades de medición actuales.

Conclusiones:

  • Los exoplanetas descubiertos son probablemente rocosos, compuestos de hierro y silicato.
  • El exoplaneta exterior puede poseer una atmósfera sustancial de vapor de agua.
  • Estos hallazgos avanzan en la búsqueda de exoplanetas similares a la Tierra potencialmente habitables.