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Los interruptores genéticos generalizados y las proteínas de resistencia a la toxicidad para el fluoruro
Jenny L Baker1, Narasimhan Sudarsan2,3, Zasha Weinberg2,3
1Department of Chemistry, Yale University, Box 208103, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 24, 2011
Resumen
Los científicos encontraron nuevos riboswitches de fluoruro en bacterias y arqueas. Estas estructuras de ARN detectan y responden al fluoruro, controlando los genes que ayudan a los organismos a controlar los niveles tóxicos de fluoruro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Genética La genética.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los riboswitches son elementos de ARN reguladores que se encuentran típicamente en los ARN mensajeros bacterianos.
- Ellos controlan la expresión génica mediante la unión a moléculas pequeñas (metabolitos).
- La función de muchos riboswitches en respuesta a señales ambientales específicas sigue sin caracterizarse en gran medida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Descubrir y caracterizar nuevas clases de riboswitch.
- Para investigar el papel de los riboswitches en la detección de los aniones ambientales, específicamente el fluoruro.
- Comprender los mecanismos genéticos y celulares que las bacterias y las arqueas utilizan para hacer frente a la exposición al fluoruro.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis bioinformático de genomas bacterianos y arqueológicos para identificar estructuras de ARN conservadas.
- Ensayos in vitro para probar la especificidad de unión de los riboswitches identificados a varios aniones.
- Los ensayos del gen reportero miden la actividad reguladora de los riboswitches en respuesta al fluoruro.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de una nueva clase de riboswitches activados selectivamente por iones de fluoruro.
- Estos riboswitches de fluoruro están presentes en diversas especies bacterianas y arqueas.
- Los riboswitches regulan los genes involucrados en el transporte y el metabolismo del fluoruro, así como las proteínas de función desconocida.
Conclusiones:
- Muchos organismos están expuestos a niveles tóxicos de fluoruro.
- Los riboswitches que detectan el fluoruro son un mecanismo muy extendido para controlar la expresión génica en respuesta al fluoruro.
- Estos sensores basados en ARN juegan un papel crucial en la adaptación celular al estrés por fluoruro.
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