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Acumulación de metano polar y tormentas de lluvia en Titán a partir de simulaciones del ciclo del metano
T Schneider1, S D B Graves, E L Schaller
1California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. tapio@caltech.edu
Nature
|January 7, 2012
Resumen
El ciclo de metano de Titán refleja el ciclo del agua de la Tierra, con lagos polares de metano que se forman preferentemente en el norte. Un nuevo modelo explica esto, prediciendo nubes polares del norte y el aumento de los niveles de los lagos pronto.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Climatología y climatología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Titán exhibe un ciclo de metano análogo al ciclo del agua de la Tierra, con lagos polares, sequedad ecuatorial y distintos patrones de nubes.
- Los modelos anteriores no pudieron explicar la distribución preferencial de los lagos polares del norte, los orígenes de las tormentas de lluvia en latitudes bajas y el agrupamiento de nubes en el hemisferio sur.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los mecanismos detrás de la distribución única de metano de Titán, incluida la formación de lagos polares y los patrones regionales de precipitación.
- Desarrollar un modelo que concilie las características observadas del ciclo de metano de Titán con la dinámica atmosférica y de superficie.
Principales métodos:
- Simulaciones utilizando un modelo atmosférico tridimensional junto con un depósito dinámico de metano en la superficie.
- Análisis del transporte de metano, la captura de frío, la precipitación y los procesos de evaporación a través de las latitudes de Titán.
Principales resultados:
- El metano es atrapado en frío y se acumula en las regiones polares, particularmente en el norte, debido a los veranos más largos y más precipitados del norte.
- La precipitación polar es equilibrada por el lento transporte de metano y la evaporación hacia las latitudes medias.
- Raras e intensas tormentas equinocciales en latitudes bajas crean rasgos fluviales, y las nubes se forman predominantemente en las latitudes medias y altas del hemisferio veraniego.
Conclusiones:
- El modelo explica con éxito las características observadas del ciclo de metano de Titán, incluida la formación preferencial de lagos polares del norte y la precipitación regional.
- Se predice que las nubes polares del norte se formarán dentro de dos años terrestres, y que los niveles de los lagos aumentarán en quince años.
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