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La galectina 8 se dirige a las vesículas dañadas para la autofagia para defender las células contra la invasión
Teresa L M Thurston1, Michal P Wandel, Natalia von Muhlinen
1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
Nature
|January 17, 2012
Resumen
La galectina 8 actúa como un receptor de peligro citosólico, identificando bacterias invasoras como la Salmonella mediante la detección de daños en las vesículas celulares. Esto inicia la autofagia, un mecanismo de defensa celular, para eliminar los patógenos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Microbiología Microbiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La autofagia es un mecanismo de defensa celular clave contra la invasión bacteriana.
- Los adaptadores de autofagia requieren receptores de reconocimiento de patrones o de peligro para identificar patógenos.
- Los receptores específicos involucrados en el etiquetado de patógenos para la autofagia siguen siendo en gran medida no identificados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar el receptor de peligro específico responsable de iniciar la autofagia antibacteriana.
- Para dilucidar el mecanismo por el cual este receptor detecta y señala la invasión bacteriana.
- Determinar el papel de este receptor en la restricción de la proliferación de patógenos.
Principales métodos:
- Culturas de células humanas en cultivo.
- La microscopía confocal es una microscopía confocal.
- Pruebas de fluorescencia inmunológica.
- Los modelos de infección bacteriana (Salmonella, Listeria, Shigella) también se han desarrollado.
Principales resultados:
- La galectina 8 (LGALS8) funciona como un receptor de peligro citosólico.
- La galectina 8 detecta la invasión bacteriana al unirse a los glicanos del huésped en las vacuolas dañadas que contienen Salmonella.
- La galectina 8 recluta el NDP52 (CALCOCO2), activando la autofagia antibacteriana.
- La galectina 8 también detecta el daño estéril a los endosomas/lisosomas y la invasión por Listeria y Shigella.
Conclusiones:
- Galectin 8 es un receptor de peligro versátil que monitorea la integridad endosómica y lisosómica.
- Desempeña un papel crucial en la lucha contra las infecciones bacterianas intracelulares al iniciar la autofagia.
- Este mecanismo se basa en la detección de la ausencia de carbohidratos complejos en el citosol, lo que indica daño o invasión.
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