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Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
Published on: January 29, 2013
Las diferencias sexuales en el control del flujo sanguíneo cutáneo
J P Cooke1, M A Creager, P J Osmundson
1Division of Vascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston.
Circulation
|November 1, 1990
Resumen
Las mujeres experimentan tasas más altas de enfermedad de Raynaud debido a las diferencias en el control del sistema nervioso simpático del flujo sanguíneo de la piel. Este estudio encontró que las mujeres tienen un flujo sanguíneo basal más bajo, lo que sugiere un aumento del flujo de salida simpático, que afecta su respuesta a los estímulos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
- Biología Vascular Biología Vascular
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad de Raynaud afecta desproporcionadamente a las mujeres.
- Comprender las diferencias basadas en el género en la regulación del flujo sanguíneo cutáneo es crucial para explicar esta disparidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las diferencias de género en el control central y local del flujo sanguíneo cutáneo.
- Determinar si estas diferencias contribuyen a la mayor incidencia de la enfermedad de Raynaud en las mujeres.
Principales métodos:
- Se midió el flujo sanguíneo de la mano (HBF), el flujo sanguíneo de los dedos (FBF) y la perfusión cutánea (SP) en 47 voluntarios utilizando pletismografía de fluido, pletismografía de tensión de mercurio y espectroscopia Doppler láser.
- Se evaluaron las respuestas del flujo sanguíneo a los estímulos térmicos (calentamiento y enfriamiento), el estrés mental y la inspiración profunda.
Principales resultados:
- Los hombres exhibieron mayor FHB basal, FBF y SP en comparación con las mujeres.
- El calentamiento corporal total aumentó la FHB en las mujeres más que en los hombres, lo que sugiere una mayor salida simpática basal en las mujeres.
- El estrés mental y la inspiración profunda redujeron el flujo sanguíneo en los hombres, pero paradójicamente lo aumentaron en las mujeres.
- El enfriamiento de los hombres aumentó el tono simpático e invirtió su respuesta al estrés, mientras que el calentamiento de las mujeres redujo el tono simpático.
Conclusiones:
- Las mujeres poseen un menor flujo sanguíneo cutáneo basal, probablemente debido al aumento de la actividad del sistema nervioso simpático.
- Las diferencias específicas de género en el control simpático de la vasculatura cutánea pueden ser la base de la mayor prevalencia de la enfermedad de Raynaud en las mujeres.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan el papel de la regulación neurovascular en las disparidades basadas en el sexo en las condiciones circulatorias.
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