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The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
Published on: January 19, 2019
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Redes sociales y cooperación entre cazadores-recolectores
Coren L Apicella1, Frank W Marlowe, James H Fowler
1Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Nature
|January 28, 2012
Resumen
El estudio revela que las redes sociales de cazadores-recolectores comparten regularidades estructurales con las redes modernas, lo que influye en la cooperación. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las primeras estructuras sociales humanas pueden haber fomentado la cooperación entre parientes y no parientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La Antropología Antropología Antropología.
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las redes sociales se teorizan para facilitar la cooperación humana a gran escala.
- Comprender las primeras estructuras sociales humanas es clave para entender la evolución de la cooperación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para caracterizar las redes sociales de la población cazadora-recolectora Hadza en Tanzania.
- Para investigar la relación entre la estructura de la red social y el comportamiento cooperativo en el Hadza.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las propiedades de la red social Hadza (distribución de grados, asortatividad, transitividad, reciprocidad, descomposición geográfica, homofilia).
- Examen de las donaciones de bienes públicos de caza dentro y entre los campamentos Hadza.
- Correlación de lazos de red con comportamiento cooperativo similitud hasta dos grados de separación.
Principales resultados:
- Las redes Hadza exhiben propiedades comunes a las redes sociales modernizadas.
- El comportamiento cooperativo (donaciones de juegos de bienes públicos) muestra una alta variación entre grupos y una baja variación dentro del grupo.
- Los lazos de red son más frecuentes entre individuos con tendencias cooperativas similares, que se extienden a la distancia social.
Conclusiones:
- Las estructuras de redes sociales pueden haber estado presentes al principio de la historia humana.
- Los primeros humanos probablemente formaron lazos cooperativos con parientes y no parientes.
- Las redes sociales jugaron un papel en el surgimiento y mantenimiento de la cooperación humana.
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