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La diversidad molecular de la convergencia adaptativa
Olivier Tenaillon1, Alejandra Rodríguez-Verdugo, Rebecca L Gaut
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Irvine, CA 92697, USA. olivier.tenaillon@inserm.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 28, 2012
Resumen
Las mutaciones beneficiosas impulsan la adaptación bacteriana al calor. Si bien los objetivos genéticos específicos muestran convergencia, muchas otras mutaciones contribuyen a la evolución de Escherichia coli a altas temperaturas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- La genómica es la genómica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender las mutaciones beneficiosas es clave para predecir las trayectorias evolutivas.
- La evolución experimental proporciona información sobre los mecanismos de adaptación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para estimar el número y la diversidad de mutaciones beneficiosas.
- Para identificar los objetivos genéticos de adaptación a altas temperaturas en Escherichia coli.
Principales métodos:
- Evolución experimental de 115 poblaciones de Escherichia coli a 42,2°C durante 2000 generaciones.
- Secuenciación del genoma completo de una población evolucionada por replicación.
- Análisis bioinformático para identificar y categorizar mutaciones.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó 1331 mutaciones en más de 600 sitios.
- Se observó convergencia en los niveles de genes, operones y complejos funcionales, a pesar del bajo intercambio de mutaciones.
- Objetivos funcionales primarios descubiertos para la adaptación a altas temperaturas.
Conclusiones:
- La adaptación a altas temperaturas en Escherichia coli implica un conjunto diverso de mutaciones beneficiosas.
- La epistasis da forma de manera significativa a las vías adaptativas, lo que lleva a rutas evolutivas distintas.
- El complejo de ARN polimerasa y el factor de terminación rho son objetivos clave para la adaptación térmica.
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