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El colapso de la civilización maya clásica estuvo relacionado con una modesta reducción en las precipitaciones
Martín Medina-Elizalde1, Eelco J Rohling
1National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Resumen
La civilización maya clásica experimentó sequías severas, con hasta un 40% menos de lluvias, lo que contribuyó a su colapso. Este evento climático probablemente redujo la actividad de tormentas tropicales en la región.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoclimatología Paleoclimatología
- Arqueología Arqueología.
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- La civilización maya clásica en la península de Yucatán y América Central experimentó un colapso significativo durante 200 años.
- Esta desintegración coincidió con sequías generalizadas, pero su naturaleza y gravedad exactas no se comprendieron bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar cuantitativamente los registros paleoclimáticos para comprender las sequías durante el colapso de la civilización maya.
- Proporcionar una interpretación coherente del evento climático que afectó a los mayas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis cuantitativo de cuatro registros paleoclimáticos detallados.
- Interpretación de los datos climáticos en relación con la desintegración de la civilización maya.
Principales resultados:
- Las sequías durante el colapso maya causaron una reducción de hasta un 40% en la precipitación anual.
- Es probable que estas sequías severas estuvieran relacionadas con una disminución en la frecuencia e intensidad de las tormentas tropicales de verano.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona una comprensión cuantitativa de las sequías severas que contribuyeron al colapso de los mayas clásicos.
- La reducción de la actividad de las tormentas tropicales se identifica como una causa probable de los déficits de precipitación durante este período.
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