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Deslizamiento de fase cuántico coherente.

O V Astafiev1, L B Ioffe, S Kafanov

  • 1NEC Green Innovation Research Laboratories, 34 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8501, Japan. astf@zb.jp.nec.com

Nature
|April 21, 2012
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los científicos observaron el deslizamiento de fase cuántica coherente (CQPS), una predicción de un siglo de antigüedad, en el óxido de indio desordenado. Este fenómeno, dual con el efecto Josephson, abre nuevas vías para la electrónica superconductora y la metrología cuántica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
  • La mecánica cuántica es la mecánica cuántica.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La superconductividad, descubierta hace un siglo, tiene una predicción clave, el deslizamiento de fase cuántica coherente (CQPS), que permaneció experimentalmente no verificada.
  • CQPS es teóricamente dual con el efecto Josephson, que implica una transferencia de flujo coherente, a diferencia de los deslizamientos de fase incoherentes previamente observados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para demostrar experimentalmente el deslizamiento de fase cuántica coherente (CQPS), una predicción fundamental de la teoría de la superconductividad.
  • Para superar los desafíos experimentales planteados por la disipación de cuasipartículas en el logro de la observación CQPS.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó superconductores de óxido de indio fuertemente desordenados cerca de la transición superconductor-aislador.
  • Investigó un segmento estrecho de un bucle superconductor para observar CQPS.

Principales resultados:

  • Por primera vez se ha observado directamente el deslizamiento de fase cuántica coherente (CQPS).
  • El efecto se manifestó a través de la superposición de estados cuánticos con números variables de cuantos de flujo.

Conclusiones:

  • La demostración experimental de CQPS, análoga al efecto Josephson, es un avance significativo.
  • Se espera que esta observación impulse nuevas aplicaciones en electrónica superconductora y metrología cuántica.