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Esferulas de impacto como un registro de un antiguo bombardeo pesado de la Tierra
1Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA. johns477@purdue.edu
Nature
|April 27, 2012
Resumen
Los impactos de asteroides en la Tierra dejan atrás capas de esferulas globales, incluso cuando los cráteres se erosionan. El análisis revela un flujo de impactor mucho más alto hace 3.500 millones de años, consistente con una tendencia decreciente después del bombardeo pesado tardío.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Geología Geología Geología.
- Estudios de cráteres de impacto Estudios de cráteres de impacto
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cráteres de impacto de la Tierra a menudo son destruidos por procesos geológicos.
- La historia del impacto de la Tierra se reconstruye utilizando observaciones de asteroides cercanos a la Tierra y datos lunares.
- Los impactos de asteroides crean capas de esferulas globales de roca vaporizada y condensada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para estimar el tamaño de los asteroides y las velocidades de impacto utilizando capas de esferulas globales.
- Para reconstruir la cronología del impacto de la Tierra a partir de las capas de esferulas preservadas.
- Para comparar el antiguo flujo del impactador con las estimaciones actuales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las capas de esferulas globales preservadas en el registro geológico.
- Estimación de las propiedades del proyectil (tamaño, velocidad) a partir de las características de la capa de esferola.
- Desarrollando una cronología de impacto basada en la datación de la capa de la esférula.
Principales resultados:
- Las capas de esferulas globales proporcionan registros de impacto independientes de la preservación del cráter.
- Se determinaron estimaciones de tamaños de asteroides y velocidades de impacto para impactos antiguos.
- El flujo del impactador hace 3.500 millones de años fue significativamente mayor que el de hoy.
Conclusiones:
- Las capas esféricas son archivos cruciales de la historia del impacto de la Tierra.
- El flujo del impactador ha disminuido gradualmente desde el bombardeo pesado tardío.
- Este estudio refina nuestra comprensión de los primeros bombardeos del sistema solar.
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