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La adolescencia: una base para la salud futura
Susan M Sawyer1, Rima A Afifi, Linda H Bearinger
1Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. susan.sawyer@rch.org.au
Lancet (London, England)
|April 28, 2012
Resumen
La adolescencia es un período crítico para establecer patrones de salud para toda la vida. Centrarse en las estrategias de salud de los adolescentes es clave para lograr los objetivos mundiales de salud y mejorar el bienestar a largo plazo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Salud de los Adolescentes.
- Ciencia del Desarrollo Ciencia del Desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- La adolescencia es una etapa crucial de la vida que influye en los patrones de salud de los adultos.
- La salud durante la adolescencia resulta de interacciones complejas entre el desarrollo temprano, la pubertad y los factores socioambientales.
- La adolescencia está experimentando cambios rápidos, incluida la aparición temprana de la pubertad y el retraso en el logro del papel de adulto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar la importancia crítica de la adolescencia en las agendas de salud pública.
- Para enfatizar la necesidad de estrategias integradas centradas en la salud de los adolescentes.
- Subrayar las oportunidades para mejorar la salud a lo largo de toda la vida priorizando el bienestar de los adolescentes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la comprensión actual de los determinantes de la salud de los adolescentes.
- Análisis del impacto de cambiar las trayectorias de desarrollo de los adolescentes.
- Síntesis de ideas de la pubertad, el desarrollo del cerebro y las influencias de los medios sociales.
Principales resultados:
- La salud de los adolescentes está moldeada por factores prenatales, de la primera infancia y de la pubertad, influenciados por determinantes sociales.
- Los factores emergentes como las redes sociales y los cambios en los plazos de desarrollo tienen un impacto significativo en la salud de los adolescentes.
- La adolescencia es fundamental para lograr los objetivos de salud pública, incluidos los relacionados con la mortalidad infantil, el VIH / SIDA, la salud mental, las lesiones y las enfermedades no transmisibles.
Conclusiones:
- Dar prioridad a la salud de los adolescentes es esencial para alcanzar los objetivos mundiales de salud.
- Las estrategias integradas que se centran en el período de la adolescencia ofrecen oportunidades significativas para mejorar los resultados de salud.
- Abordar la salud de los adolescentes de manera integral beneficia tanto el bienestar inmediato como la salud adulta a largo plazo.
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