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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...

Polymers

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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polímeros de varios bloques: ¿una panacea o la caja de Pandora?

Frank S Bates¹, Marc A Hillmyer, Timothy P Lodge

¹Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. bates001@umn.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 28, 2012

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La química de polímeros sintéticos permite polímeros de bloque complejos con propiedades a medida. Los avances en el diseño molecular y la simulación son clave para crear materiales avanzados con un control preciso a nanoescala.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Química de Polímeros La Química de Polímeros es la química de los polímeros.
Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.

Sus antecedentes:

La química de polímeros sintéticos ofrece estrategias avanzadas para crear polímeros de bloque.
El aumento de la complejidad en las secuencias de polímeros de bloque (k, n) expande las arquitecturas moleculares más allá de los copolímeros tradicionales de tribloque.
Esto ofrece oportunidades para materiales con geometría de dominio a nanoescala controlada, simetría de embalaje y composición química.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los desarrollos recientes en el campo de los polímeros de bloque.
Para resaltar el papel del diseño molecular, la teoría predictiva y la simulación por computadora en la realización de estructuras de polímeros de bloque a medida.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de los avances recientes en la química de polímeros sintéticos.
Análisis de los principios de diseño molecular para polímeros de bloque complejos.
Discusión de los enfoques teóricos y computacionales.

Principales resultados:

Existen estrategias ilimitadas para producir polímeros de bloque con secuencias arbitrarias.
El aumento de la complejidad de la secuencia (k,n) expande geométricamente las posibles arquitecturas moleculares.
Se pueden lograr materiales a medida con un control preciso a nanoescala.

Conclusiones:

Los avances en la química de polímeros en bloque proporcionan un control sin precedentes sobre las propiedades de los materiales.
Los diseños moleculares imaginativos guiados por la teoría y la simulación son cruciales para aplicaciones específicas.
El campo está preparado para el desarrollo de materiales exquisitamente a medida.