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Interacciones entre la microbiota y el sistema inmunológico.

Lora V Hooper¹, Dan R Littman, Andrew J Macpherson

¹The Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. lora.hooper@utsouthwestern.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 8, 2012

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los sistemas inmunológicos de los mamíferos y los microbios residentes tienen una relación coevolucionada crítica para la salud. Comprender estas interacciones mantiene el equilibrio microbiano huésped y previene la enfermedad.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología Microbiología.
Inmunología Inmunología.
Interacciones huésped-micróbio.

Sus antecedentes:

Las superficies del cuerpo de los mamíferos albergan numerosos microorganismos con una relación compleja y coevolucionada con el sistema inmunológico.
Los microbios residentes son vitales para la fisiología del huésped, pero pueden causar enfermedades si se rompen las barreras.
El sistema inmunológico de los mamíferos es crucial para mantener la homeostasis con las comunidades microbianas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los avances en la comprensión de las interacciones huésped-microbio.
Para explorar cómo los microbios residentes dan forma a la inmunidad de los mamíferos.
Para discutir las implicaciones para la salud humana.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura de investigaciones recientes sobre las interacciones huésped-microbio.
Análisis de estudios sobre el papel del sistema inmunológico en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis microbiana.
Síntesis de hallazgos sobre la influencia microbiana en la inmunidad de los mamíferos.

Principales resultados:

El sistema inmunológico mantiene activamente una relación mutualista con los microbios residentes.
Los microbios residentes influyen significativamente en el desarrollo y la función del sistema inmunológico de los mamíferos.
La desregulación de estas interacciones está relacionada con varias patologías.

Conclusiones:

Una comprensión profunda de las interacciones huésped-micróbio es esencial para mantener la salud.
Los avances en este campo ofrecen estrategias terapéuticas potenciales para enfermedades relacionadas con el sistema inmunológico.
La investigación continua es vital para aprovechar los beneficios del microbioma para la salud humana.