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Autolesión y suicidio en adolescentes
Keith Hawton1, Kate E A Saunders, Rory C O'Connor
1Centre for Suicide Research, University Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. keith.hawton@psych.ox.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|June 26, 2012
Resumen
La autolesión y el suicidio en adolescentes son problemas críticos de salud pública influenciados por varios factores. Estrategias efectivas de prevención y tratamiento, especialmente en lo que respecta a los medios de comunicación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Psicología Adolescente y Psicología Adolescente.
- Investigación en Salud Mental.
Sus antecedentes:
- La autolesión y el suicidio representan importantes crisis mundiales de salud pública entre los adolescentes.
- Los factores que contribuyen incluyen influencias genéticas, psiquiátricas, psicológicas, familiares, sociales y culturales.
- Los medios de comunicación, en particular Internet, juegan un papel importante en el contagio y las tendencias contemporáneas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resumir la comprensión actual de la autolesión y el suicidio de los adolescentes.
- Para resaltar los desafíos en la prevención y el tratamiento.
- Identificar áreas críticas para futuras investigaciones e intervenciones.
Principales métodos:
- Este resumen sintetiza la investigación existente sobre la autolesión y el suicidio en adolescentes.
- Revisa los factores que contribuyen, las influencias de los medios de comunicación y las eficacias actuales del tratamiento.
- Identifica las lagunas en el conocimiento y las áreas para futuras investigaciones.
Principales resultados:
- La prevención requiere enfoques universales y específicos para los jóvenes en riesgo.
- La evidencia para los tratamientos psicosociales y farmacológicos, incluidos los antidepresivos, es limitada y controvertida.
- Restringir el acceso a medios letales es una medida preventiva crucial.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesita una mayor comprensión de los mecanismos de contagio y los efectos de los nuevos medios.
- La identificación de estrategias efectivas de prevención para los jóvenes generales y de alto riesgo es primordial.
- El desarrollo de tratamientos efectivos para la autolesión en adolescentes es una prioridad urgente.
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