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Niveles globales de actividad física: progreso en la vigilancia, trampas y perspectivas
Pedro C Hallal1, Lars Bo Andersen, Fiona C Bull
1Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil. prchallal@gmail.com
Lancet (London, England)
|July 24, 2012
Resumen
A nivel mundial, más del 31% de los adultos y el 80% de los adolescentes son físicamente inactivos. Esta inactividad física es más frecuente en las mujeres, los adultos mayores y las naciones de altos ingresos, lo que pone de relieve una preocupación crítica de salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Salud global La salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- La prevención efectiva de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) requiere datos precisos sobre los niveles y tendencias de la actividad física.
- Comprender los patrones globales de actividad física es crucial para el desarrollo de políticas de salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar los niveles mundiales de actividad física en adultos y adolescentes.
- Para identificar las variaciones demográficas y geográficas en la inactividad física.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de actividad física de 122 países para adultos (≥15 años).
- Análisis de datos de actividad física de 105 países para adolescentes (13 a 15 años).
- Cálculo de la prevalencia y los intervalos de confianza para la inactividad física.
Principales resultados:
- A nivel mundial, el 31,1% de los adultos son físicamente inactivos, con tasas que varían desde el 17,0% en el sudeste asiático hasta aproximadamente el 43% en las Américas y el Mediterráneo oriental.
- La inactividad física aumenta con la edad, es mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres, y es más común en los países de altos ingresos.
- El 80,3% de los adolescentes (13 a 15 años) no cumplen con las pautas de actividad física diaria recomendadas; los niños son más activos que las niñas.
Conclusiones:
- Existe una significativa inactividad física global entre adultos y adolescentes.
- Se necesitan intervenciones específicas, teniendo en cuenta la edad, el sexo y los factores socioeconómicos.
- La mejora del monitoreo de la actividad física es esencial para guiar estrategias efectivas de prevención de las ENT.
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