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Un llamado a la acción para servicios integrales de VIH para hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres
Chris Beyrer1, Patrick S Sullivan, Jorge Sanchez
1Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. cbeyrer@jhsph.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|July 24, 2012
Resumen
Los hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres (HSH) soportan desproporcionadamente la carga del VIH y se enfrentan a la exclusión de los servicios. La expansión de la prevención, el tratamiento y la atención del VIH a los HSH es crucial para el control mundial de la epidemia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Derechos Humanos Derechos del hombre Derechos humanos Derechos del hombre
Sus antecedentes:
- Los hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres (HSH) soportan una carga desproporcionada de VIH a nivel mundial.
- La exclusión sistemática de los servicios de VIH debido al estigma, la discriminación y la criminalización dificulta el control de la epidemia.
- Abordar el VIH en los HSH es fundamental para lograr el control global de la epidemia de VIH.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para resaltar la necesidad urgente de ampliar la prevención del VIH, el tratamiento y los servicios de atención para MSM.
- Hacer hincapié en la salud pública y el imperativo de los derechos humanos de los servicios inclusivos de VIH para MSM.
- Abogar por la integración de los HSH en las estrategias globales de VIH.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de los datos de vigilancia sobre la carga del VIH entre los HSH.
- Análisis de las barreras a los servicios de VIH para los HSH, incluyendo el estigma, la discriminación y la criminalización.
- Evaluación de la viabilidad y la rentabilidad de los enfoques combinados de prevención y tratamiento para MSM.
Principales resultados:
- Los HSH experimentan una carga desproporcionada de VIH y enfrentan importantes barreras para acceder a servicios esenciales.
- Las estrategias efectivas de prevención y tratamiento combinadas, incluido el acceso al condón y al lubricante, son factibles y rentables.
- La prevención y el tratamiento basados en antirretrovirales para los HSH son rentables, pero pueden requerir costos de medicamentos reducidos.
Conclusiones:
- La expansión de la prevención, el tratamiento y la atención del VIH para los HSH es un imperativo urgente de salud pública y derechos humanos.
- Se pueden desarrollar modelos de cuidado culturalmente competentes incluso en entornos desafiantes.
- Abordar el VIH en los HSH requiere investigación sostenida, voluntad política, reforma estructural, participación de la comunidad y planificación estratégica.
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