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Terremoto en un laberinto: la ruptura por compresión se ramificó durante el 2012 M(w) 8.6 Terremoto de Sumatra
1Seismological Laboratory, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. lsmeng@gps.caltech.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 24, 2012
Resumen
El terremoto de Sumatra en el año 2012
Área de la Ciencia:
- Sismología Sismología Sismología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El terremoto de 2012 de magnitud 8,6 en Sumatra presentó complejas dinámicas de ruptura.
- La comprensión anterior sugería que las tectónicas de la cuenca de Wharton estaban dominadas por fallas de deslizamiento de huelga.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar el complejo proceso de ruptura del terremoto de Sumatra 2012.
- Para investigar la sismotectónica de la cuenca de Wharton.
Principales métodos:
- Observaciones sismológicas.
- Imagen de la fuente de proyección hacia atrás.
- Cálculos de esfuerzo dinámico de Coulomb.
Principales resultados:
- La gran magnitud del terremoto fue el resultado de una extensión profunda, una alta caída de estrés y múltiples rupturas de fallas.
- La ruptura se produjo en fallas conjugadas ortogonales con una velocidad de ruptura lenta.
- La ruptura se propagó en direcciones este-sureste-oeste-noroeste, desafiando los modelos anteriores.
- La ruptura exhibió ramificaciones de compresión en contra de las direcciones previstas.
Conclusiones:
- La dinámica de ruptura indica el control por la fuerza insensible a la presión de la litosfera oceánica profunda.
- Las fallas ortogonales y las ramificaciones inusuales amplían la comprensión de la sismotectónica de la cuenca de Wharton.
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