El adelgazamiento interior de la capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental se dirigió a lo largo de grietas subglaciales
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Robert G Bingham1, Fausto Ferraccioli, Edward C King
1School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen, AB24 3UF, UK. r.bingham@abdn.ac.uk
Nature
|July 28, 2012
Resumen
La capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental (WAIS) está perdiendo hielo debido al adelgazamiento dinámico. Una cuenca subglacial profunda recién descubierta actúa como un conducto, acelerando la pérdida de hielo y potencialmente desestabilizando la capa de hielo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Glaciología glaciología.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- La pérdida de hielo de la capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental (WAIS) contribuye significativamente al aumento global del nivel del mar.
- El adelgazamiento dinámico, impulsado por cambios oceánicos o atmosféricos en el margen de hielo, domina la pérdida de hielo WAIS.
- Comprender la topografía y la geología subglaciales es crucial para proyectar las futuras contribuciones de WAIS al aumento del nivel del mar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el impacto de la topografía subglacial en la pérdida de hielo del WAIS.
- Para identificar y caracterizar una cuenca subglacial recién descubierta debajo de la corriente de hielo de Ferrigno.
- Comprender el papel de las estructuras geológicas en la inestabilidad de la capa de hielo WAIS.
Principales métodos:
- Encuestas de radar de penetración en el hielo.
- Mediciones magnéticas y de gravedad.
- Modelado geológico y glaciológico.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de una cuenca subglacial de hasta 1,5 km de profundidad bajo la corriente de hielo de Ferrigno, que conecta el interior de la capa de hielo con el mar de Bellingshausen.
- Evidencia de un origen de grieta para la cuenca, vinculada al sistema de grietas de la Antártida Occidental y modificada por la erosión glacial.
- Identificación del canal "Belgica", que canaliza el agua caliente del océano al frente de hielo, mejorando el adelgazamiento dinámico.
Conclusiones:
- Las cuencas de grietas subglaciales actúan como conductos, transmitiendo perturbaciones costeras hacia el interior y promoviendo la inestabilidad de WAIS.
- La grieta de Ferrigno y las cunetas asociadas juegan un papel crítico en la pérdida de hielo actual y futura del WAIS.
- Las cuencas de grietas que cruzan el margen del WAIS pueden desestabilizar rápidamente la capa de hielo, impactando los niveles mundiales del mar.
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