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La forma precisa del Sol y su variabilidad
1Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Pukalani, Maui, HI 96790, USA. kuhn@ifa.hawaii.edu
Resumen
La forma precisa del Sol sigue siendo esquiva. Este estudio revela una plana solar constante, no afectada por la actividad de la superficie, lo que sugiere una rotación más lenta en las capas externas del Sol.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Física solar Física solar es la física de la energía solar.
- La astrofísica estelar es la astrofísica estelar.
- Heliofísica es la heliofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Determinar la forma precisa del Sol ha sido un desafío a pesar de las extensas observaciones fotoeléctricas.
- La desviación del Sol de una esfera perfecta (asfericidad) es un indicador sensible de sus condiciones internas y de la atmósfera solar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar con precisión la forma del Sol utilizando datos de alta resolución de un experimento basado en el espacio de larga duración.
- Investigar la influencia de la variabilidad del ciclo solar en la forma del Sol y comparar los hallazgos con predicciones teóricas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de un experimento basado en el espacio de larga duración.
- Aplicación de técnicas de alta resolución espacial para medir la forma de los miembros solares.
- Comparación de la opacidad solar observada con modelos teóricos.
Principales resultados:
- Se descubrió que la forma oblata del Sol era claramente constante y notablemente no afectada por la variabilidad de la superficie del ciclo solar.
- La opacidad solar medida es significativamente menor de lo predicho por los modelos teóricos actuales.
- La discrepancia sugiere una rotación diferencial más lenta en las capas atmosféricas externas del Sol.
Conclusiones:
- La forma del Sol es estable y en gran medida independiente de la actividad de la superficie.
- Los modelos actuales pueden necesitar refinamiento con respecto a la tasa de rotación diferencial en las regiones externas del Sol.
- Este hallazgo proporciona nuevas limitaciones para la comprensión de la dinámica del interior solar y el comportamiento atmosférico.
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