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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
Published on: November 17, 2018
Los antibióticos en la vida temprana alteran el microbioma colónico murino y la adiposidad
Ilseung Cho1, Shingo Yamanishi, Laura Cox
1Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Nature
|August 24, 2012
Resumen
Los antibióticos subterapéuticos promueven el crecimiento al alterar la composición del microbioma intestinal y las funciones metabólicas. Esta manipulación en la vida temprana impacta el metabolismo del huésped, lo que lleva a un aumento de la adiposidad y una regulación lipídica alterada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Ciencias Metabólicas Ciencias Metabólicas
- Ciencias de los animales Ciencias de los animales.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los antibióticos en dosis bajas se han utilizado como promotores de crecimiento en la agricultura desde la década de 1950.
- Los mecanismos precisos por los cuales la administración de antibióticos subterapéuticos influye en la fisiología del huésped siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo la administración de antibióticos subterapéuticos afecta la estructura del microbioma intestinal y las capacidades metabólicas.
- Establecer un modelo murino de adiposidad inducida por antibióticos y analizar los cambios metabólicos asociados.
Principales métodos:
- Administración de terapia antibiótica subterapéutica a ratones jóvenes.
- Evaluación de los cambios en la composición del microbioma intestinal y la expresión génica.
- Análisis de los parámetros metabólicos del huésped, incluidos los niveles hormonales, los ácidos grasos de cadena corta y el metabolismo hepático de lípidos / colesterol.
Principales resultados:
- La terapia antibiótica subterapéutica condujo a un aumento de la adiposidad y a niveles alterados de hormonas relacionadas con el metabolismo en ratones.
- Se observaron cambios taxonómicos significativos en el microbioma intestinal.
- Se observaron cambios en los genes clave del metabolismo de los carbohidratos, un aumento de los ácidos grasos de cadena corta del colon y un metabolismo alterado de los lípidos hepáticos y el colesterol.
Conclusiones:
- La administración de antibióticos subterapéuticos altera la composición del microbioma intestinal y las funciones metabólicas.
- La manipulación de antibióticos en la vida temprana puede interrumpir la homeostasis metabólica del huésped, lo que lleva a la adiposidad.
- Este estudio proporciona un modelo para comprender el vínculo entre las alteraciones del microbioma intestinal y las enfermedades metabólicas.
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