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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
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La colitis ulcerosa también se conoce como colitis ulcerosa.

Ingrid Ordás1, Lars Eckmann, Mark Talamini

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0956, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|August 24, 2012
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La colitis ulcerosa es una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal crónica que afecta al colon, caracterizada por diarrea con sangre. Esta revisión cubre sus causas, diagnóstico, manejo y tratamientos emergentes para mejores resultados para los pacientes.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gastroenterología y Gastroenterología.
  • Inmunología Inmunología.
  • Enfermedades colorrectales Las enfermedades colorrectales.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La colitis ulcerosa es un trastorno inflamatorio idiopático crónico de la mucosa del colon.
  • Por lo general, comienza en el recto y se extiende proximalmente, aunque existen variaciones.
  • La diarrea con sangre es el síntoma distintivo, con un curso clínico impredecible de exacerbaciones y remisiones.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para proporcionar una visión general completa de la colitis ulcerosa.
  • Para discutir la epidemiología, la fisiopatología, el diagnóstico, la historia natural y el manejo.
  • Para esbozar nuevas opciones de tratamiento y controversias terapéuticas actuales.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura actual sobre la colitis ulcerosa.
  • Discusión de la fisiopatología de la enfermedad, incluyendo las interacciones ambientales, genéticas y del sistema inmunológico.
  • Desarrollo de algoritmos terapéuticos prácticos para la práctica clínica.

Principales resultados:

  • Comprensión mejorada de la etiología multifactorial de la inflamación de la mucosa.
  • Enfoques de diagnóstico establecidos y la historia natural de la enfermedad.
  • Se describieron las estrategias actuales de manejo médico y quirúrgico, incluidas las terapias novedosas.

Conclusiones:

  • La colitis ulcerosa requiere un enfoque multifacético para el manejo.
  • Los avances en la comprensión de la fisiopatología están impulsando nuevas opciones de tratamiento.
  • Los algoritmos prácticos ayudan en la toma de decisiones clínicas diarias para pacientes con colitis ulcerosa.