Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 19, 2026
11:31
Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells
Published on: May 12, 2023
Procesamiento y tráfico subcelular de la respuesta de control EIN2 atado a ER a la respuesta al gas etileno
Hong Qiao1, Zhouxin Shen, Shao-shan Carol Huang
1Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 1, 2012
Resumen
La señalización de etileno en las plantas se basa en ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2). El etileno desencadena la escisión de EIN2 y la translocación nuclear, activando las respuestas de las plantas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Vegetal Biología Vegetal Biología Vegetal
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El gas etileno es una hormona vegetal crucial que regula el desarrollo y las respuestas al estrés.
- ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2) es una proteína de membrana integral clave en la señalización de etileno, pero su función precisa no está clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar el mecanismo molecular por el cual EIN2 funciona en la transducción de señales de etileno.
- Investigar el papel de las modificaciones post-traducionales y la localización subcelular de EIN2.2.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la fosforilación EIN2 y el procesamiento proteolítico.
- Seguimiento de la translocación ER-nucleo de los fragmentos EIN2 utilizando mutaciones genéticas y ensayos bioquímicos.
- Investigando el papel de la actividad de la cinasa TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) CONSTITUTIVA.
Principales resultados:
- La escisión proteolítica regulada por la fosforilación de EIN2 inicia su transporte desde el retículo endoplasmático (ER) hasta el núcleo.
- La señalización de etileno implica la desfosforilación y la escisión específica de EIN2, lo que lleva a la importación nuclear del fragmento EIN2-C'.
- La localización nuclear EIN2-C' constitutiva y la activación EIN3/EIN3-LIKE1 ocurren con mutaciones que imitan la desfosforilación o la inactivación de CTR1.
Conclusiones:
- La señalización de etileno está mediada por la escisión regulada y la translocación nuclear del péptido EIN2-C'.
- Este mecanismo vincula la percepción de la hormona localizada por ER con la regulación de la transcripción nuclear, que controla las respuestas de las plantas.
- El procesamiento de EIN2 es un punto de control crítico en la vía de transducción de señales de etileno.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:37The Unfolded Protein Response
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
01:31Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
01:28Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane
The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the translocon complex.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the translocon complex.
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
01:32Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
01:43The Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum or ER makes up for more than half of the membranes in a cell and accounts for 10% of total cell volume. It is also the primary protein and lipid synthesis factory for most cell organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, and the plasma membrane. Despite being the most extensive and functionally complex subcellular organelle, ER was the last to be discovered. After years of deliberation, Keith Porter and George Palade in the year 1954,...