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La formación de la Luna a partir de una Tierra que giraba rápidamente: un impacto gigante seguido de una
1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. cuk@eps.harvard.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 19, 2012
Resumen
Los impactos gigantes en una proto-Tierra que gira rápidamente pueden explicar la composición similar a la Tierra de la Luna. Un sistema temprano Tierra-Luna más rápido luego arrojó momento angular para alcanzar su estado actual.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La geoquímica es la geoquímica.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La composición isotópica idéntica de la Tierra y la Luna sugiere un origen común.
- La hipótesis de impacto gigante prevaleciente lucha por explicar la similitud isotópica de la Luna, ya que las simulaciones indican que la mayoría del material debe originarse en el impactador.
- Los modelos anteriores asumieron un momento angular posterior al impacto más bajo de lo esperado para los planetas de masa terrestre en acrecentamiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar si una Tierra temprana de rápido giro puede resolver la discrepancia isotópica en los modelos de formación de la Luna.
- Explorar los mecanismos para la evolución del momento angular en el sistema temprano Tierra-Luna.
Principales métodos:
- Simulaciones por computadora de impactos gigantes en una proto-Tierra que gira rápidamente.
- Modelado de la evolución del momento angular en el sistema temprano Tierra-Luna.
Principales resultados:
- Las simulaciones muestran que los impactos en una proto-Tierra de rápido giro generan un disco formador de luna predominantemente del manto de la Tierra.
- Un momento angular inicial más alto permite que el sistema Tierra-Luna temprano pierda el exceso de momento angular.
- La resonancia orbital con el Sol se identifica como un mecanismo plausible para la pérdida de momento angular.
Conclusiones:
- Una Tierra temprana que gira rápidamente es clave para formar una Luna con firmas isotópicas similares a las de la Tierra.
- El sistema temprano Tierra-Luna probablemente poseía un mayor momento angular, que posteriormente se redujo a través de procesos naturales para coincidir con el estado actual.
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