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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
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Un eslabón perdido en la terapia del cáncer dirigida por genotipo.

René Bernards1

  • 1Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Biomedical Genetics and Cancer Genomics Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.bernards@nki.nl

Cell
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Resumen

La terapia contra el cáncer dirigida por genotipo es prometedora, pero el cruce de vías complica el tratamiento. Se necesita un inventario completo de los circuitos de retroalimentación de señalización de las células cancerosas para una medicina de precisión efectiva.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Oncología Oncología.
  • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
  • Genética La genética.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las terapias dirigidas por genotipo ofrecen un potencial de tratamiento del cáncer dirigido.
  • El cruce de vías de señalización con frecuencia complica las correlaciones de respuesta genotipo-droga.
  • La medicina de precisión requiere comprender las complejas redes de señalización celular.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para resaltar los desafíos en la terapia del cáncer dirigida por genotipo.
  • Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de una comprensión integral de los circuitos de retroalimentación de señalización en las células cancerosas.
  • Abogar por un esfuerzo coordinado en el mapeo de estos circuitos para mejorar la medicina de precisión.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura sobre las vías de señalización del cáncer.
  • Análisis de estudios de genotipo y respuesta a fármacos.
  • Marco conceptual para el inventario de circuitos de retroalimentación de señalización.

Principales resultados:

  • El cruce entre las vías de señalización es un impedimento importante para la terapia dirigida por genotipo.
  • Los modelos simples de respuesta genotipo-droga a menudo son inadecuados debido a circuitos de retroalimentación complejos.
  • Actualmente falta un inventario sistemático de los circuitos de señalización.

Conclusiones:

  • El desarrollo de una medicina eficaz contra el cáncer de precisión requiere una comprensión profunda de las intrincadas redes de señalización.
  • Es crucial un esfuerzo de investigación coordinado para mapear los circuitos de retroalimentación de señalización de las células cancerosas.
  • Este conocimiento permitirá una predicción más precisa de las respuestas a los medicamentos y estrategias de tratamiento optimizadas.