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La biosíntesis del cilindrociclófano implica la funcionalización de un centro de carbono no activado

Hitomi Nakamura¹, Hilary A Hamer, Gopal Sirasani

¹Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|October 31, 2012

Resumen

Los investigadores identificaron el grupo de genes responsable de producir el cilindrociclófano F, un producto natural con un andamio de carbono único. Este descubrimiento arroja luz sobre el inusual ensamblaje de la poliquetida sintasa y la formación de macrociclos involucrados en su biosíntesis.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biosíntesis de Productos Naturales de Productos Naturales
Biología Química Biología química.
La genómica es la genómica.

Sus antecedentes:

Los cilindrociclófanos son productos naturales caracterizados por un distintivo andamio de carbono paraciclófano.
Comprender la biosíntesis de productos naturales complejos es crucial para el descubrimiento de fármacos y la biología sintética.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para identificar el grupo de genes biosintéticos responsables de la producción de cilindrociclófano F.
Para dilucidar los mecanismos enzimáticos que subyacen en el ensamblaje del cilindrociclófano F, incluida la actividad de la poliquetida sintasa y la macrociclación.

Principales métodos:

Secuenciación del genoma y análisis bioinformático para identificar el clúster de genes.
Caracterización de enzimas in vitro para determinar la función de las enzimas.
Estudios de alimentación para confirmar el vínculo entre el racimo de genes y la formación de productos.

Principales resultados:

Se descubrió un grupo de genes específicos involucrados en la biosíntesis de F de cilindrociclófano.
Se aclararon los pasos de iniciación y terminación de una inusual línea de ensamblaje de policetida sintasa tipo I.
Se demostró que la formación de macrociclos implica la funcionalización de un centro de carbono no activado.

Conclusiones:

El grupo de genes identificado es directamente responsable de la producción de F. cilindrociclófano.
El estudio revela nuevas estrategias enzimáticas empleadas en la biosíntesis de productos naturales, en particular en el ensamblaje de policetidos y la macrociclado.
Este trabajo proporciona una base para la producción sintética o semisintética de cylindrocyclophanes.

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