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La corteza orbitofrontal apoya el comportamiento y el aprendizaje utilizando valores inferidos pero no almacenados en
Joshua L Jones1, Guillem R Esber, Michael A McDannald
1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. josh.jones@nih.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 20, 2012
Resumen
La corteza orbitofrontal es crucial para inferir el valor en la toma de decisiones, en lugar de simplemente señalar el valor económico. Permite el aprendizaje basado en modelos mediante el acceso a representaciones ambientales para el cálculo de valor.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La neurociencia computacional es una neurociencia computacional.
- Ciencia de la decisión Ciencia de la decisión
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos de control conductual distinguen entre el valor en caché (almacenado) y el valor inferido (en marcha).
- La corteza orbitofrontal (OFC) está implicada en el valor inferido y potencialmente en la señalización del valor económico.
- Las teorías existentes debaten el papel preciso de la OFC en la toma de decisiones basada en el valor.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel específico de la corteza orbitofrontal (OFC) en el comportamiento basado en valores y el aprendizaje.
- Para diferenciar entre la contribución de la OFC a los cálculos de valor inferido versus en caché.
- Para determinar si el OFC señala el valor económico directamente o facilita su cálculo.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron modelos computacionales y de teoría del aprendizaje para enmarcar el estudio.
- Diseñó experimentos para evaluar el comportamiento y el aprendizaje en condiciones que requieren un valor inferido versus un valor en caché.
- Empleó métodos neurocientíficos para examinar la actividad y la necesidad de la OFC.
Principales resultados:
- El OFC es crítico para el comportamiento basado en valores y el aprendizaje cuando el valor debe inferirse.
- El papel de la OFC disminuye cuando los valores en caché son suficientes para guiar el comportamiento.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que el OFC es esencial para acceder a representaciones basadas en modelos para calcular el valor.
Conclusiones:
- La corteza orbitofrontal (OFC) es fundamental para la inferencia de valor basada en el modelo, no simplemente una señal de valor económico general.
- La función principal de la OFC es utilizar el conocimiento ambiental para calcular el valor, apoyando la toma de decisiones flexible.
- Esta investigación aclara el papel de la OFC en la integración de representaciones cognitivas para el comportamiento adaptativo.
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