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La inhibición domina las respuestas sensoriales en la corteza despierta
Bilal Haider1, Michael Häusser, Matteo Carandini
1UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK. b.haider@ucl.ac.uk
Nature
|November 23, 2012
Resumen
Durante la vigilia, el cerebro despierto.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Procesamiento Sensorial Procesamiento Sensorial
- Actividad cortical de la actividad cortical.
Sus antecedentes:
- La actividad cortical se basa en el equilibrio entre la excitación sináptica y la inhibición.
- Estudios anteriores sobre las respuestas de la corteza visual se llevaron a cabo bajo anestesia, lo que limita la comprensión de la función cerebral despierta.
- La actividad sináptica durante la estimulación visual natural en los estados de vigilia sigue siendo en gran medida desconocida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar y comparar las respuestas sinápticas evocadas visualmente en la corteza visual de ratones anestesiados y despiertos.
- Para aclarar el papel de la excitación sináptica y la inhibición en el procesamiento sensorial durante diferentes estados corticales.
Principales métodos:
- Grabaciones de pinzas de parche de células enteras en la corteza visual de ratones.
- Medición de las respuestas evocadas visualmente y las conductancias sinápticas subyacentes.
- Comparación de la actividad neuronal y la dinámica sináptica entre los estados anestesiado y despierto.
Principales resultados:
- Los ratones despiertos exhibieron respuestas visuales más selectivas espacialmente y más breves en comparación con los ratones anestesiados.
- La inhibición sináptica fue significativamente más fuerte y más amplia en la selectividad espacial durante la vigilia que bajo anestesia.
- Bajo anestesia, la inhibición reflejaba la amplitud de la excitación y la selectividad espacial.
Conclusiones:
- Las respuestas corticales a los estímulos visuales en el cerebro despierto están predominantemente controladas por una inhibición sináptica fuerte y ampliamente selectiva.
- Esta inhibición restringe la extensión espacial y la duración temporal de la actividad neuronal en la corteza visual.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen información sobre los mecanismos sinápticos que gobiernan las respuestas sensoriales en la corteza del cerebro despierto.
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