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El electrodo de carbono en las células Li-O2 no acuosas
Muhammed M Ottakam Thotiyl1, Stefan A Freunberger, Zhangquan Peng
1School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 30, 2012
Resumen
Los cátodos de carbono en las baterías de litio-oxígeno son inestables por encima de 3,5 V, se descomponen en carbonato de litio y promueven la descomposición de electrolitos. Los carbones hidrofóbicos muestran una mejor estabilidad, pero las interacciones de electrolitos siguen siendo un desafío para las aplicaciones prácticas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La electroquímica es electroquímica.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
- Almacenamiento de energía Almacenamiento de energía
Sus antecedentes:
- Los materiales de carbono son ampliamente utilizados como cátodos porosos en las células no acuosas de litio-oxígeno (Li-O(2).
- La estabilidad de los cátodos de carbono y su impacto en la descomposición del electrolito son fundamentales para el rendimiento de la batería.
- Las propiedades de la superficie del carbono (hidrofobidad / hidrofilicidad) influyen en el comportamiento celular.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la estabilidad de los cátodos de carbono en las celdas Li-O(2) durante el ciclo.
- Comprender los mecanismos de descomposición del carbono y los electrolitos.
- Para evaluar el papel de las propiedades de la superficie del carbono en el rendimiento celular.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de cátodos de carbono con ciclos entre 2 y 4 V en células Li-O.
- Uso del tratamiento ácido y el reactivo de Fenton para el análisis de superficies.
- La espectrometría de masas electroquímica diferencial (DEMS) y la espectroscopia infrarroja con transformación de Fourier (FTIR).
Principales resultados:
- Los cátodos de carbono son estables por debajo de 3.5 V, pero se descomponen a Li(2) CO(3) cuando se cargan por encima de 3.5 V.
- El carbono promueve la descomposición de los electrolitos, formando Li ((2) CO ((3)) y Li carboxilatos, lo que lleva a la polarización.
- Los carbonos hidrofílicos son menos estables y más activos catalíticamente en la descomposición de electrolitos que los carbonos hidrofóbicos.
Conclusiones:
- La estabilidad del cátodo de carbono en las células Li-O(2) está limitada por la descomposición oxidativa por encima de 3,5 V y las interacciones de electrolitos.
- La acumulación de Li ((2) CO ((3) y carboxilatos de Li provoca el desvanecimiento de la capacidad y la pasivación del electrodo.
- Un ciclo eficaz de la batería Li-O(2) requiere un enfoque sinérgico que considere tanto la estabilidad del electrodo como la del electrolito.
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