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Un agujero negro supermasivo en la galaxia lenticular compacta NGC 1277

Remco C E van den Bosch¹, Karl Gebhardt, Kayhan Gültekin

¹Max-Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. bosch@mpia.de

|November 30, 2012

Resumen

Los astrónomos descubrieron un agujero negro supermasivo en la galaxia NGC 1277 que es el 59% de su masa de bulto, desafiando los modelos actuales de evolución de la galaxia. Este hallazgo sugiere que algunas galaxias pueden no seguir las relaciones de escala de masa típicas de los agujeros negros.

Área de la Ciencia:

La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
Evolución de la galaxia Evolución de la galaxia.
Física del agujero negro Física del agujero negro

Sus antecedentes:

Las galaxias masivas suelen albergar agujeros negros supermasivos (SMBH) con masas correlacionadas con el bulto de su galaxia anfitriona.
Las teorías existentes para estas relaciones de escala incluyen la fusión de galaxias y la retroalimentación entre agujero negro y galaxia.
La masa de SMBH suele ser ~0.1% de la masa del bulto estelar, con NGC 4486B que anteriormente tenía el récord del 11%.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar la masa del agujero negro central en la galaxia lenticular compacta NGC 1277.
Para determinar si NGC 1277 y galaxias compactas similares se desvían de las relaciones de escala establecidas entre SMBH y galaxias.
Proporcionar datos de observación para refinar los modelos teóricos de la evolución de las galaxias.

Principales métodos:

Realizó observaciones de cinemática estelar de NGC 1277.
Calculó la masa del agujero negro supermasivo central basado en datos cinemáticos.
Se observaron otras cinco galaxias compactas con propiedades similares a NGC 1277.

Principales resultados:

NGC 1277 tiene una masa de agujero negro central de 1.7 × 10^10 masas solares.
El SMBH en NGC 1277 constituye el 59% de su masa de bulto, superando significativamente las fracciones conocidas anteriormente.
Otras cinco galaxias compactas exhiben propiedades que sugieren que también pueden albergar agujeros negros supermasivos.

Conclusiones:

NGC 1277 alberga un agujero negro excepcionalmente masivo en relación con su bulto, lo que desafía la correlación estándar de masa SMBH-galaxia.
Los hallazgos sugieren que las galaxias compactas o dominadas por discos podrían no adherirse a las relaciones de escala típicas.
Se necesita más investigación para determinar si estas galaxias representan una cola extrema de la distribución o una población separada.

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