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La vida Ediacaran en la tierra.

Gregory J Retallack1

  • 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1272, USA. gregr@uoregon.edu

Nature
|December 14, 2012
PubMed
Resumen

Los fósiles ediacaranos encontrados en los paleosolos del sur de Australia sugieren que eran organismos terrestres, no animales marinos. Estas primeras formas de vida probablemente se parecían a las costras del suelo o a los líquenes en ambientes fríos y secos.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Paleontología Paleontología.
  • Geología Geología Geología.
  • Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los fósiles ediacaranos (hace 635-542 millones de años) han sido debatidos como antepasados animales tempranos, protistas marinos o hongos.
  • Las interpretaciones anteriores sugirieron deposición lagunar-eólica para los estratos de Ediacaran.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para reevaluar el paleoambiente y la naturaleza de los fósiles de Ediacaran.
  • Para investigar el entorno de deposición del Ediacara, miembro del cuarzo Rawnsley.

Principales métodos:

  • Documentación de los paleosolos y las características sedimentarias asociadas.
  • Análisis de la preservación de los fósiles, las estructuras del suelo (grietas, nódulos) y los datos geoquímicos.

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  • Reconstrucción paleoclimática basada en características del suelo y datos isotópicos.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Confirmación de los paleosolos con evidencias como las fachadas no marinas, los nódulos del suelo y la diferenciación geoquímica.
    • Descubrimiento de fósiles ediacaranos (por ejemplo, Charniodiscus, Dickinsonia) preservados en posición de crecimiento en las superficies del paleosol.
    • Identificación de un paleoclima Ediacaran seco y templado en el sur de Australia.

    Conclusiones:

    • Algunos fósiles ediacaranos representan grandes organismos sésiles que viven en suelos fríos y secos.
    • La preservación de fósiles es consistente con las costras biológicas del suelo (líchenes, colonias microbianas), lo que desafía las interpretaciones de animales marinos o protistas.
    • Este hallazgo ofrece una nueva perspectiva sobre los primeros ecosistemas terrestres y la evolución de la vida.