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Profunda penetración de hierro fundido en el manto causada por una inestabilidad morfológica
Kazuhiko Otsuka1, Shun-ichiro Karato
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
Nature
|December 14, 2012
Resumen
Un nuevo mecanismo explica el enriquecimiento de hierro en las profundidades del manto terrestre. La inestabilidad morfológica permite que los líquidos ricos en hierro penetren en el manto, transportando el hierro lejos de la frontera núcleo-manto.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra
- Física mineral Física de los minerales
Sus antecedentes:
- El límite entre el núcleo y el manto es una región clave de interacción entre el núcleo y el manto de la Tierra.
- El enriquecimiento de hierro en la base del manto podría explicar las anomalías sísmicas y de conductividad observadas.
- Los modelos anteriores para el enriquecimiento de hierro, como la difusión, se consideraron ineficientes o inconsistentes con el contenido de oxígeno del núcleo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer un mecanismo físico para el enriquecimiento de hierro en el límite núcleo-manto.
- Para explicar el transporte de fundidos ricos en hierro hacia el manto inferior.
- Para conciliar las observaciones geofísicas con los procesos químicos.
Principales métodos:
- Investigó la interacción entre (Mg,Fe) O y líquidos ricos en hierro bajo condiciones de límite núcleo-manto.
- Analizó el papel de los gradientes de potencial químico en la conducción de procesos interfaciales.
- Principios utilizados de la inestabilidad morfológica.
Principales resultados:
- Se demostró que (Mg,Fe) O en contacto con líquidos ricos en hierro forma una inestabilidad morfológica.
- Se demostró que esta inestabilidad hace que el líquido rico en hierro penetre en el óxido.
- Distancias de transporte potenciales cuantificadas de 50-100 km en el manto.
Conclusiones:
- La inestabilidad morfológica impulsada por el desequilibrio químico es un mecanismo plausible para el transporte de hierro.
- Este proceso puede explicar la presencia de regiones ricas en hierro en las profundidades del manto terrestre.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen una nueva perspectiva sobre la evolución química del manto inferior.
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