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Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
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A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
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El interferómetro térmico Josephson.

Francesco Giazotto1, María José Martínez-Pérez

  • 1NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. giazotto@sns.it

Nature
|December 22, 2012
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Investigadores muestran un nuevo interferómetro térmico Josephson. Este dispositivo muestra el transporte de calor dependiente de fase, confirmando las predicciones de interferencia térmica en las uniones de Josephson y permitiendo la manipulación coherente de calor en nanocircuitos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
  • Los fenómenos cuánticos son fenómenos cuánticos.
  • Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El efecto Josephson demuestra la coherencia de fase cuántica macroscópica y es la base para los dispositivos de interferencia cuántica superconductores (SQUID).
  • Existen predicciones teóricas para el transporte térmico dependiente de fase en las uniones de Josephson, análogo a los interferómetros eléctricos, pero la realización experimental sigue siendo difícil de alcanzar.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar experimentalmente el transporte de calor dependiente de fase en un sistema de unión de Josephson.
  • Realizar y caracterizar un análogo térmico del interferómetro eléctrico Josephson.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó dos electrodos metálicos normales sesgados por la temperatura acoplados en túnel a través de un SQUID de corriente continua.
  • Intercambio de calor medido y oscilaciones de temperatura en función del flujo magnético.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observó el transporte de calor dependiente de fase, confirmando las predicciones teóricas.
  • Se han demostrado oscilaciones de temperatura dependientes del flujo magnético de hasta 21 mK.
  • Se logró un coeficiente de transferencia de flujo a temperatura superior a 60 mK/Φ0 a 235 mK.

Conclusiones:

  • Confirmó la existencia de una corriente térmica única y dependiente de fase en las uniones de Josephson.
  • El interferómetro térmico Josephson permite la manipulación coherente del calor en nanocircuitos de estado sólido.
  • Abre nuevas vías para los estudios y aplicaciones de transporte de calor cuántico.