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Gigantescas salidas magnetizadas del centro de la Vía Láctea
Ettore Carretti1, Roland M Crocker, Lister Staveley-Smith
1CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, PO Box 276, Parkes, New South Wales 2870, Australia. Ettore.Carretti@csiro.au
Nature
|January 4, 2013
Resumen
Lobos de radio gigantes descubiertos cerca de la Vía Láctea.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- La astronomía galáctica es la astronomía galáctica.
- Física del plasma es la física del plasma.
Sus antecedentes:
- El núcleo de la Vía Láctea presenta una intensa formación estelar y un agujero negro supermasivo.
- Misteriosas estructuras emisoras de rayos gamma, las "burbujas de Fermi", se extienden muy por encima y por debajo del Centro Galáctico.
- El origen de las burbujas de Fermi (formación estelar frente a la actividad del agujero negro) y sus campos magnéticos siguen siendo desconocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el origen de las burbujas de Fermi.
- Caracteriza la estructura del campo magnético dentro de estas salidas galácticas.
- Determinar el mecanismo de conducción detrás de los fenómenos observados en el Centro Galáctico.
Principales métodos:
- Observaciones de radio de la emisión polarizada desde el centro galáctico.
- Mapeo de la extensión y estructura de los lóbulos de radio.
- Análisis de la intensidad y orientación del campo magnético dentro de los lóbulos.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrimiento de dos gigantescos lóbulos de radio polarizados linealmente que se extienden ~60 grados desde el Centro Galáctico.
- Identificación de tres subestructuras en forma de cresta dentro de los lóbulos de la radio.
- Detección de fuertes campos magnéticos (hasta 15 microgauss) que penetran en los lóbulos, muy parecidos a las estructuras de burbujas de Fermi.
Conclusiones:
- Los lóbulos de radio son evidencia de un flujo de salida bicónico impulsado por la formación de estrellas, no por la actividad del agujero negro.
- Este flujo de salida transporta una energía magnética significativa (~10^55 ergs) hacia el halo galáctico.
- Las crestas internas pueden registrar una historia de formación de estrellas nucleares durante millones de años.
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