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Disrupción del sistema planetario por perturbaciones galácticas a las estrellas binarias amplias.
Nathan A Kaib1, Sean N Raymond, Martin Duncan
1Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. nkaib@astro.queensu.ca
Nature
|January 8, 2013
Resumen
Grandes estrellas binarias, compañeras distantes de los planetas, pueden alterar significativamente los sistemas planetarios durante miles de millones de años. Estos sistemas a menudo expulsan planetas y aumentan la excentricidad de otros.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.
- La astrofísica es la astrofísica.
- La astrofísica computacional es una astrofísica computacional.
Sus antecedentes:
- Muchos exoplanetas se encuentran en amplios sistemas estelares binarios con separaciones de más de 1.000 UA.
- El impacto de estos compañeros distantes en la evolución planetaria es poco estudiado.
- Las amplias órbitas binarias son dinámicas, influenciadas por las mareas galácticas y los encuentros estelares.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la influencia de los compañeros binarios amplios en la evolución del sistema planetario.
- Para entender cómo las órbitas binarias amplias y dinámicas remodelan los sistemas exoplanetarios.
- Para comparar las características orbitales de los planetas en amplios sistemas binarios frente a estrellas aisladas.
Principales métodos:
- Simulaciones numéricas de sistemas planetarios en amplias configuraciones binarias.
- Modelado de la evolución a largo plazo de las órbitas planetarias bajo dinámicas binarias variables.
- Análisis estadístico de las excentricidades simuladas y observadas de exoplanetas.
Principales resultados:
- Amplios compañeros binarios pueden remodelar drásticamente los sistemas planetarios, a menudo miles de millones de años después de su formación.
- Las eyecciones planetarias y el aumento de las excentricidades orbitales son resultados comunes.
- Los exoplanetas gigantes en binarios anchos exhiben excentricidades estadísticamente más altas que los que se encuentran alrededor de estrellas aisladas.
Conclusiones:
- Contrariamente a las suposiciones anteriores, los compañeros binarios amplios perturban activamente los sistemas planetarios.
- Las distribuciones de excentricidad observadas sugieren similitudes iniciales del sistema planetario, con amplias binarias que luego dispersan los planetas exteriores.
- La mayoría de los sistemas de exoplanetas gigantes aislados probablemente albergan planetas lejanos no detectados.
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