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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
Las diferencias sexuales en el microbioma intestinal impulsan la regulación dependiente de las hormonas de la
Janet G M Markle1, Daniel N Frank, Steven Mortin-Toth
1Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 19, 2013
Resumen
Los microbios intestinales tempranos influyen en las hormonas sexuales y protegen contra la diabetes tipo 1 (DT1) en ratones. La transferencia microbiana puede conferir protección al alterar los niveles hormonales y reducir las respuestas autoinmunes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Endocrinología Endocrinología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermedades autoinmunes como la diabetes tipo 1 (DT1) afectan desproporcionadamente a las mujeres.
- Las hormonas sexuales y las exposiciones microbianas son moduladores conocidos de la enfermedad autoinmune.
- La interacción entre la microbiota, las hormonas sexuales y la autoinmunidad requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de las exposiciones microbianas tempranas en la modulación de los niveles de hormonas sexuales.
- Para determinar si la colonización microbiana puede prevenir la progresión de la enfermedad autoinmune en un modelo de alto riesgo.
- Aclarar los mecanismos por los cuales la microbiota influye en la autoinmunidad a través de las hormonas sexuales.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el modelo de ratón diabético no obeso (NOD) para estudios de diabetes tipo 1.
- Se administraron microbios comensales a ratones NOD de edad temprana.
- Se realizó un trasplante de microbiota fecal de machos adultos a hembras inmaduras.
- Se midieron los niveles séricos de hormonas, los autoanticuerpos y la inflamación de los islotes.
- Evaluó el papel de la actividad del receptor de andrógenos.
Principales resultados:
- La colonización microbiana comensal elevó los niveles séricos de testosterona en ratones machos NOD, lo que confiere protección contra la T1D.
- La transferencia de microbiota de los machos a las hembras alteró los perfiles hormonales del receptor, redujo los marcadores autoinmunes y evitó la DT1.
- Estos efectos protectores dependían de la señalización del receptor de andrógenos.
Conclusiones:
- Las exposiciones microbianas tempranas son determinantes críticos de los niveles de hormonas sexuales y los resultados de las enfermedades autoinmunes.
- La microbiota intestinal puede ser manipulada para alterar los perfiles de las hormonas sexuales y conferir protección contra la autoinmunidad.
- Dirigirse a la microbiota intestinal representa una estrategia terapéutica potencial para las enfermedades autoinmunes, particularmente en individuos genéticamente susceptibles.
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