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La estructura del asteroide 4 Vesta revelada por los modelos de colisiones a escala planetaria
1Physics Institute, Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. martin.jutzi@space.unibe.ch
Nature
|February 15, 2013
Resumen
Las simulaciones revelan cómo dos impactos gigantes dieron forma al asteroide Vesta, creando su topografía única y exponiendo materiales desde lo profundo de su interior. Esto proporciona nuevos conocimientos sobre la composición y evolución del protoplaneta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- El cráter de impacto es el cráter de impacto.
- Geología de los asteroides Geología de los asteroides
Sus antecedentes:
- El asteroide 4 Vesta exhibe rasgos de superficie consistentes con el grupo de meteoritos HED (howardita-eucrita-diogenita).
- Los modelos anteriores lucharon por replicar la topografía del hemisferio sur de Vesta, dominada por una gran cicatriz de impacto.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para modelar con precisión la topografía de Vesta utilizando nuevos datos sobre su doble cuenca en el hemisferio sur.
- Para simular la evolución global del protoplaneta bajo colisiones masivas y superpuestas.
Principales métodos:
- Simulaciones tridimensionales de la evolución global de Vesta.
- Modelado de los efectos de dos eventos de impacto a escala planetaria que se superponen.
Principales resultados:
- Reprodujo con éxito la forma y la topografía observadas de Vesta.
- Mapas generados de la excavación por impacto y la deposición de los eyectos.
- Los patrones espirales atribuidos en la cuenca de Rheasilvia a las fuerzas de Coriolis durante el colapso del cráter.
Conclusiones:
- Los materiales de la superficie en el norte se originan a ~ 20 km de profundidad, mientras que los materiales del sur provienen de 60-100 km de profundidad.
- El modelo sugiere que los 100 km exteriores de Vesta pueden ser principalmente corteza basáltica (eucritas) con intrusiones ultramaficas (diogenitas), desafiando las suposiciones anteriores de un interior completamente diferenciado.
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